1. Major Pre-Columbian Civilizations

2. Slide 2
The Incas

3. Lands of the Incas

4. Spanish Conquistadors
Incas
Rise:
Great government control and powerful military
Fall:
Spanish Conquistadors

5. Location of Empire Capital - Cuzco Peru, Bolivia
Western coast of Africa
Capital - Cuzco

6. Cuzco: Ancient Capital of the Inca (11,000 ft. above sea level)

7. Important Ruler/Government
Ruler – Atahuatt
Descended from Sun
Terracing
Staple Crops : potatoes,
maize, avocado
cocoa leaf

8. Terrace Farming

9. Cusco
Sacsayhuaman
Teeth of the Puma

10. Polytheistic, human sacrifice
Religion
Polytheistic, human sacrifice
purpose = to celebrate accession of king or stop crisis
victims - child (most beautiful, or royal)
How
Option A: child = given alcohol… bound with rope, hit in head… walled inside stone structure
Option B: child placed on sacrifice table… shaman cuts artery in thigh… bleed to death
Temples were built for sun god, sacred,
Gift to pachamama

11. Coricancha (Temple of the Sun)

12. Machu Picchu 200 houses… 1,000 inhabitants
More food than that though – potentially provided cocoa leaves to cusco priests

13. Machu Picchu

14. Arts/architecture Contributions Unified Empire no private property
Embalming (Mummification)
Public works, 14, 000 miles of roads, with guesthouses to shelter travelers
Quipu – set of knotted strings that could be used to record data.
Llamas for transportation, etc.
Gold and Silver useage
Terrace Farming

15. Llamas!

16. Quipu

17. The Quipu: An Incan Database

19. Incan Mummies

20. Inca Gold & Silver

21. Maize in Incan Pottery

22. Over 100 Different Types of Potatoes Cultivated by the Incans

23. Produce from a Typical Incan Market

24. Cuy

25. Incan Ceramic Jars
Peanut
Potato
Squash
Cacao God
Cacao Pod