1. First Language Acquisition
Saville-Troike, M. (2005). Introducing second language acquisition. New York: Cambridge UP.

2. First not Foreign
What is your FL?
How did you learn your FL?

3. How did you learn your L1? Procedure Babbling One word stage
Two word stage
Phrases
Sentences

4. How do theorists say about L1?
Behaviorists (Skinner, 1957)
Tabula rasa
Stimuli: linguistic responses
Conditioning (classical vs. operant)
Reinforcement
Language learning = The production of correct responses to stimuli
Adv vs. Disadv?

5. Adv vs. Disadv of Behavior Approach
Advantage:
Observable, empirical, descriptive
Disadvantage:
Not linear. What about imitation, creativity, & interaction?

6. How do theorists say about L1?
Nativists (Chomsky, 1965)
Innate predispositions (LAD/UG) (p )
Systematic, rule-governed acquisition
Creative construction
“Pivot” 樞紐 grammar
Parallel distributed processing/ Connectionism
Language is generative through LAD
Adv vs. Disadv?

7. Adv vs. Disadv of Nativist Approach
Advantage:
Explanatory, especially unobservable language development
Construct common phenomena among languages
Disadvantage:
no explanation on function of meaning constructed from social interaction

8. How do theorists say about L1?
Functionalists (Bloom, 1971; Piaget)
Constructivist
Social interaction
Cognition and language
Functions of language
Discourse: looking for cues

9. Which approach do you believe most and least?
Behaviorist Approach?
Nativist Approach?
Functional Approach?

10. Issues in FLA (1) Competence vs. Performance (Q5)
Comprehension vs. Production (Q6)
Nature vs. Nurture
Universals: head-initial, head-final
Systematicity and Variability

11. Issues in FLA (2) Language and thought: which influences which?
Imitation (p. 44): form vs. meaning/function (Q7)
Practice and frequency (p. 45)
Input: corrective input
Discourse: initiation and responses, especially in pragmatics

12. The Direct Method Series Method (Gouin, 1880)
Reaction to the Grammar-Translation Method: focus on listening and speaking
Learn L2 in the way of learning L1
Focus only on everyday voc and sentences
Inductive grammar
Use concrete objects for the words