1. Post-Revolutionary Period
> 90

2. 1977
Hua Guofeng introduced a version of the 4 Modernisations as part of a 10 Year Plan
--> called for greater industrial emphasis
--> resulted in the est. of many large-scale industrial projects, somewhat beyond China’s financial and material capacity
--> led to Hua’s political demise

3. 1977/8 Deng Xiaoping reinstated
--> he questioned the ‘leftist’ idea of blindly following ‘Mao Zedong thought’ without seeking truth or integrating theory with practice
--> the Democracy Wall was put up in Beijing and called for a 5th Modernisation - democracy
--> those that pointed out China’s lack of democracy were named ‘counter-revolutionaries’ and imprisoned
--> pro-democracy movements were dealt with harshly

4. 1979 Household Responsibility System
--> formed to replace all communes and previous systems
--> land remained public but each household was given a plot for cultivation and these could now be inherited
--> a portion of produce was to be sold to the gov. for a set price, the rest could be sold or kept by the farmer
--> purchase of customer goods (better homes, furniture, TVs) and the standard of living rose
--> income and productivity increased
--> less workers needed on farms so many moved to cities - however, there was little work their either so many ended up living in slums
--> rich-poor gap re-emerged

5. 1979 Economic Reform Program
--> aimed to modernize China and eliminate economic imbalances
--> Special Economic Zones set up to carry out special econ. policies under special econ. management
--> within a few years the zones had est. the infrastructure and facilities for investors and an exporting economy
--> Deng said ‘when you open the door, a few flies get in’
--> changes to China included an inflow of western ideas, cultures and goods; a booming economy; a re-emergence of the rich-poor gap and an increase in demands for freedom of political speech

6. 1979
One Child Policy
--> introduced to alleviate social, economic and environmental problems in China
--> caused an increase in forced abortions and female infanticide
--> parents with multiple children weren’t given the same benefits as those with one child

7. 1980/1 Zhao Ziyang became Premier
A resolution was passed on CCP history, admitting that the Party (and Mao) had made mistakes due to a lack of experience

8. 1982-87 Hu Yaobang became the General-Secretary of the CCP
--> his open contempt for ‘Maoist excesses’ and previous support for the pro-democracy movement made him the perfect scapegoat for Deng Xiaoping
--> he was forced to submit a humiliating self-criticism and resign (1987)

9. 1989
Hu Yaobang died
--> students gathered to demand a reversal of the verdicts against him
--> they began a hunger strike which won a great deal of public support
--> they continued their previous pro-democracy movements, the largest of which occurred at Tianenmen Square in Beijing - they were joined by urban workers who had been alarmed by new econ. reform, rising inflation and corruption
--> protests were no longer just pro-democracy but anti-government

10. 1989
Zhao Ziyang, the CCP General-Secretary, who was sympathetic to the movement, was ostracised from the CCP and failed to prevent the introduction of martial law
--> May 20 - PLA troops attempted to reach the Square but were stopped by citizens and urban workers
--> the troops opened fire on the unarmed crowd
--> although called the Tianenmen Square Incident, most casualties occurred in the surrounding streets

11. 1990 China was a society divided
The people lost faith in their government
Human rights were non-existent
Gov wanted to modernise the economy but not the system that ran it

12. THEnd
The post-revolutionary society did not reflect the ideology of the revolution itself - China had become capitalist again, the government controlled everything and human rights were non-existent, and there was a huge divide between the rich and poor.