1. China After Mao Death of Mao Arrest of the Gang of Four Hua Guofeng, “Whateverism” Four Modernizations Return of Deng Xiaoping (1904-97) Economic Reforms Dismantle Communes Market reform

2. Trial of the Gang of Four Criminal Acts vs. Political Errors Criminal Acts vs. Political Errors Jiang Qing (1914-91) Mao’s Wife Zhang Chunqiao (1917-2005) Shanghai Journalist Yao Wenyuan (1931-2005) Literary Critic Wang Hongwen (1936-1992) Shanghai worker

3. “Resolution on Certain Questions in Our Party's History since the Founding of the PRC” (Jun. 1981) Official Evaluation of Mao

4. Gang of Four or Five? Evaluating Mao Contributions Revolutionary Leader (Lenin) “New Society” Mistakes Great leap Personality Cult Cultural Revolution “catastrophe” Major blame Lin Biao and Gang of Four

5. Post -Mao Power Struggle Hua Guofeng (1921-2008) Mao’s Successor (1976-80) CCP, Premier, MAC Arrest of the Gang of Four (October 1976) “Whateverism”

6. “Seek Truth from Facts” ( 實事求是 ) Deng Xiaoping (1904-97) Veteran Party leader Survivor of Cultural Revolution “Reversal of Verdicts” (1978) “Literature of the Wounded” Democracy Wall, Beijing (1979) “Open Door Policy” “Socialism with Chinese Characteristics” Special Economic Zones

7. Four Modernizations Agriculture Industry National Defense Science and Technology

8. New Leadership 1980s Hu Yaobang (1915-1989) CCP General Secretary (1981-87) New 100 Flowers Zhao Ziyang (1919-2005) Sichuan Experience Premier 1980-86 CCP General Secretary 1987-89 “Retirement” of Party Veterans

9. As long as it catches mice ….

10. Rural Economic Reform Dismantle Communes Peasant Free Markets Long-term lease of land 10,000 yuan Families

11. Tiananmen Massacre 1989 Market Reform in Urban China Price Inflation Political Corruption Death of Hu Yaobang Student Demonstration Gorbachev Visit to Beijing May 15 Martial Law May 20th Tiananmen Massacre 6/4/89

12. Post-Tiananmen Jiang Zemin, Party Secretary Shanghai Mayor Arrest of Dissidents Foreign Censure Smokeless War Deng’s Southern Tour 1992 “Jump in the Sea”