1. INJURIES TO BONES & JOINTS
BTEC SPORT SCIENCE
Lesson 5

2. STRESS FRACTURE
Injuries to bone are either as a result of over-use or an incidental injury
Stress fractures – result of excess training or changes in pattern of training.
Bone shows micro fractures or cracking which can develop into a definite fracture.
MRI can be used. X-Rays not as clear
Common sites – Tibia/Fibula, Radius/ulna

3. OSTEOCHONDROSIS
Damage to the growing plates of bone which can produce abnormal growth pattern or even bone necrosis
Over-use mainly affecting immature skeletal development

4. INCIDENTAL INJURIES
Can vary from greenstick fractures in children to sever compound fractures.
Simple fracture- clean break remains in skeletal frame.
Compound – more complex break and damages soft tissue as breaks through the skin.

5. INJURIES TO JOINTS
Joints vary in their structure and the amount of movement possible, and the injuries reflect these differences.
SPRAIN - Stretching of the ligaments and capsule and often adjacent tendons. These are graded from minor to major (Grades 1-3) the treatment reflects the type of injury.

6. DISLOCATION/SUBLUXATION
A complete disruption of the joint and the likelihood of this serious injury depends on the stability of the joint and the type of sport. Will include tearing of the ligaments and its capsule. (Fluid and/or blood into the joint)
Severe effusion, pain and LOF.

7. BURSITIS
Inflammation of a bursa. Many joints have a great number of bursa around them and over-use can cause a painful swollen bursa.
Some joints have special structures, such as the menisci of the knee which can get torn.

8. ARTHRITIS
Osteoarthritic changes often occur secondary to sports injuries to joints. If treated early enough can be managed well.
Is considered a normal part of ageing but there are other factors involved.
Age and type of injuries sustained earlier should be considered when giving advice.