1. Influence of heart rate (diastolic period) on mitral valve gradient
Influence of heart rate (diastolic period) on mitral valve gradient. The mitral stenosis gradient changes with heart rate (RR interval). A. Short RR interval is associated with gradient (shaded area) of 22 mm Hg. B. Long RR interval has a mean gradient of 29 mm Hg. When computing mean valve area in atrial fibrillation, average 10 beats. LA, left atrial pressure; LV, left ventricular pressure. Reproduced with permission from Kern MJ, Aguirre F: Interpretation of cardiac pathophysiology from pressure waveform analysis: mitral valve gradients: Part I, Cathet Cardiovasc Diagn Aug;26(4):
Source: CARDIAC CATHETERIZATION, CARDIAC ANGIOGRAPHY, AND CORONARY BLOOD FLOW AND PRESSURE MEASUREMENTS, Hurst's The Heart, 14e
Citation: Fuster V, Harrington RA, Narula J, Eapen ZJ. Hurst's The Heart, 14e; 2017 Available at: Accessed: November 07, 2017
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