1. 9
Personal Sexuality

2. Sexual Health
Human sexuality is as rich, varied, and complex as life itself
Sexual intimacy can be rewarding but also risky
Sexual health is a state of optimal well-being related to sexuality
College students are at greater risk of sexual health issues

3. Sexuality and the Dimensions of Health
Safe sex reduces chances of transmitting sexually transmitted infections
Physical
Responsible sexuality builds trust and commitment
Emotional
Sexuality can uplift soul, allowing for connection with something greater
Spiritual
Strong relationships allow safe sexual exploration
Social
Meeting of minds as well as bodies
Intellectual
Responsible sexuality increases awareness of our impact on others
Environmental

4. Becoming Male or Female
Hypothalamus
GnRH
Gonadotropins
Pituitary Gland
Sex Hormones
Gonads
Hormones are chemical messengers that arouse cells and organs
Hormones influence how we look, feel, develop and behave

5. How Hormones Work
Figure 9.1. Puberty

6. Women’s Sexual Health
Figure 9.2. The Female Sex Organs and Reproductive Structures (a) External structure

7. Women’s Sexual Health (cont’d.)
Figure 9.2. The Female Sex Organs and Reproductive Structures (b) Internal structure

8. Menstrual Cycle
Figure 9.3. Menstrual Cycle

9. Menstrual Cycle (cont’d.)
Hypothalamus triggers pituitary to release FSH and LH
FSH stimulates follicle development
Follicle produces estrogen that triggers ovulation
Estrogen and progesterone stimulate uterus to prepare for egg
If egg is fertilized, pregnancy begins
If egg is not fertilized, menstruation occurs

10. Women’s Sexual Health (cont’d.)
Premenstrual Syndrome
Toxic Shock Syndrome
Menstrual Cramps
Amenorrhea
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder

11. Premenstrual Syndrome
Causes
Hormone deficiency or imbalance
Thyroid hormone abnormalities
Stress
Symptoms
Mood changes
Anxiety
Irritability
Forgetfulness
Digestive symptoms
Hot flashes
Insomnia
Water retention
Treatment
Exercise
Diuretics
SSRI
Calcium & vitamin D
Less caffeine

12. Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder
PMDD is not related to PMS
Symptoms
Depression during last week of menstrual cycle
Cannot function at work, school or home
Treatment
SSRIs
Birth control pill that stops ovulation

13. Menstrual Cramps Caused by overproduction of prostaglandins;
Symptoms include:
Abdominal cramps and pain
Leg and back pain
Diarrhea
Tension
Water retention

14. Amenorrhea Absence of menstruation for 3 or more consecutive months
Defined
Absence of menstruation for 3 or more consecutive months
Health Effects
Loss of bone density
Osteoporosis
Stress fractures

15. Toxic Shock Syndrome Bacterial infection in women who use tampons What
Symptoms
High fever
Rash – peeling of skin
Dizziness
Very low blood pressure
Treatment
Antibiotics
IV Immunoglobulin

16. Men’s Sexual Health
Figure 9.4. Male Sex Organs and Reproductive Structures

17. Circumcision Removal of foreskin – skin covering the penis Why?
Religious tradition
Reduces risk of HIV, herpes, and HPV in men and trichomonas in women
Lower risk of penis cancer
Less risk of urinary tract infection in babies
Easier genital hygiene
Prevention of foreskin infections and retraction

18. Responsible Sexuality
Sexually Healthy Relationship
Consensual
Non-exploitative
Honest
Mutually pleasurable
Protected against STI and pregnancy

19. College Adult Sexual Behavior Adolescent
Sexual exploration, erections, wet dreams, masturbation
Kissing, petting, touching, oral sex
College
See sex as normal peer behavior
One-third report using condoms
Drinking increases sexual risk
Adult
Average frequency of sex is once weekly
Frequency of sex decreases with education level

20. Sexual Diversity Sexual or romantic attraction between opposite sexes
Heterosexual
Sexual or romantic attraction between opposite sexes
Homosexual
Sexual, emotional, social attraction to member of same sex
Bisexual
Sexual attraction to both males and females
May vary across life-span

21. Sexual Diversity (cont’d.)
Transgender
Identify with the opposite gender than their birth gender
Behavior as opposite gender for social pleasure rather than sexual gratification
Transsexual
Feel trapped in body of wrong gender
May undergo gender reassignment surgery

22. Sexual Activity
Fantasy Celibacy Masturbation Oral Sex Intercourse Anal Stimulation Outercourse Anal Intercourse Abstinence

23. Plateau Orgasm Resolution Sexual Response Excitement
Stimulation causes male erection and female lubrication
Plateau
Excitement intensifies – penis increases in length, vagina swells
Orgasm
3-12 muscular contractions 4/5 second apart for up to 60 seconds
Return to non-excited state
Heart rate, blood pressure and breathing return to normal
Resolution

24. Sexual Concerns Safer sex Sexual difficulties and dysfunctions
Erectile dysfunction
Orgasm problems in men
Female sexual dysfunction
Sex therapy
Drugs and sex

25. Atypical Behavior
Sexual addiction
Sexual deviations
Business of sex

26. Chapter Summary Explain Identify List Define Describe
Role of hormones in sexual development
Identify
Anatomy and physiology of male and female reproductive systems
Sexual health conditions of women and men
List
Sexually responsible behaviors
Define
Sexual diversity
Describe
Phases of sexual response