1. SPONCH
Fall 2016

2. Look at the pictures. Which are considered organic?

3. All of the objects are considered organic except the rocks and the paddle boat!
All of the organisms pictured are alive and composed of organic compounds.
To a chemist, the term organic describes chemical compounds that contain carbon (C) and other elements such as hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), or phosphorus (P).

4. Element vs. Compound Elements:
Pure substances that cannot be separated or broken down into simpler substances by physical or chemical changes
A substance made up of only one type of atom
All atoms of an element are identical regardless of how many there are
Compounds:
Contains two or more atoms of different elements chemically bonded together.

7. Element or Compound?

8. SPONCH
We can rearrange the order of the 6 elements: carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O), nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), phosphorus (P) to make the acronym “SPONCH”
Write each symbol on the outside doors of your foldable to create the acronym SPONCH

10. Above Each Symbol for SPONCH:
1) Write the atomic number above each symbol.
2) Write the atomic mass under each symbol.
The atomic number for every element tells us how many protons that element has in its nucleus.
The atomic number identifies the element.
The atomic mass is the mass of the atom, close to the number of protons and neutrons that make up the nucleus.

11. Inside doors of SPONCH
1) Write the element name on the inside door for each symbol
S- Sulfur
P- Phosphorus
O- Oxygen
N- Nitrogen
C- Carbon
H- Hydrogen

12. Sulfur
Elemental sulfur is used in black gunpowder, matches, and fireworks

13. Phosphorus
There are four common forms of phosphorous used today: white, black, red, and violet. It's easy to spot phosphorus on the periodic table just under nitrogen (N) at position number fifteen. You can find phosphorus in baking powder, fertilizers, and fireworks.

14. Oxygen
Of all the uses of oxygen, sustaining life is the most important. Oxygen is needed by all living organisms.

15. Nitrogen
Since it is an inert gas, it can be used to replace air and reduce or eliminate oxidation of materials. The most important use is in creating ammonia, which in turn is used to make fertilizer, explosives and other materials. Finally, liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant for very low temperatures.

16. Carbon
Scientists describe the three states of carbon as diamond, amorphous, and graphite. It is the same graphite you find in pencils.
Carbon is used as a base for the ink in inkjet printers.
Carbon, in the form of carbon dioxide, is used in the manufacture of many fizzy and carbonated drinks. It is also used in fire extinguishers.

17. Hydrogen
Hydrogen is the most abundant chemical element found in the entire Universe.
Fuel, inflating balloons
Another important compound of hydrogen is hydrogen peroxide. There are so many uses of hydrogen peroxide in our homes. It has amazing medicinal values and is an integral part of our first aid box

18. Must, Most, Many, Some To be considered an Organic Compound:
S- Some contain sulfur
P- Some contain phosphorus
O- Many contain oxygen
N-Many contain nitrogen
C- MUST contain the element carbon
H- Most contain the element hydrogen

19. ALL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
MUST contain CARBON!

20. Inorganic Compounds
Our bodies are composed mostly of water, H2O, and it is necessary for us to survive.
However, water is an example of an inorganic compound because it does not contain carbon and it was not formed by a living organism.

21. Inorganic Compounds
Carbon dioxide, CO2, is another example of an inorganic compound because it does not contain both carbon and hydrogen.
One molecule of CO2 contains one atom of carbon and two atoms of oxygen.
There are a total of three atoms in one molecule of carbon dioxide, CO2.

22. Identify the Organic Compound:

23. Organic Compound!

24. Identify the Organic Compound:

25. Organic Compound!

27. Create Your Own Organic Compound:
Scientists study the natural world, looking for new discoveries. Chemists look for new compounds to cure diseases, answer questions, or help develop new products. There are rules about which elements bond together and how they bond to form a compound. For example, water has a chemical formula of H2O. If the formula is changed to H2O2, the substance is no longer water, but is now hydrogen peroxide.
Imagine you are a chemist researching organic compounds. You are convinced you have discovered a new organic compound and are explaining your discovery to another scientist. Consider the notes you wrote earlier in the lesson as you complete the task. Record the response to the following questions in your science notebook.
What is the chemical formula for your organic compound?
What name will you give your compound?
How would you justify to others that your compound is in fact organic and not inorganic?
How will your compound impact society?
Draw a picture of your new discovery