1. The urban housing problem in Sao Paulo: Recap
Factors affecting the location of favelas - Bingo
Gullies
Along railways
Floodplains
River banks
Near industry
Beside main roads

2. 3-2-1
From what you have learned with Mr Marshall, in 3 minutes, write 3 problems, 2 solutions and 1 comment about the effectiveness of a solution to the urban housing problem. Your problems and solutions should be detailed, giving explanation as to the nature of the problem and why it exists. Be prepared to share your responses

3. Taking you further: Urban solutions in Sao Paulo
Description
Effectiveness
BNH (Federal Bank)
Funded urban housing
Low interest loans to middle/ low income buyers
Growth in middle income families in favelas
Cost?
INCOOP (State co-operative)
Housing for state workers e.g. teachers
Excludes a large proportion of urban residents
CODESPAULO (State run)
Housing for low income families
Financing of slum upgrade
Improved living conditions but costly
COHAB
Funding of self-help ‘mutiroes’
Very cheap (materials provided but labour by residents
Develops community spirit
Quality?
Singapore Project
New blocks next to slums (priority)
COHAB collected rents
Social worker assigned to each project
Landscaped
No provision for business
Lack of funding
Poor living space (too small)
Rents too high (even at very low levels)

4. Transport in Sao Paulo – What’s the problem?
17 million residents in Sao Paulo
7 million cars on the road
10, 000 streets (chaotic urban planning)
Illegal taxibuses until recently
Cumulative tailback of up to 180 miles
So, what are the problems?
Air pollution
Roads deteriorating condition
Lack of funds and time to keep up with repair
Effect on business
Commute times of up to two hours
Traffic congestion across the metropolitan area

5. Public transport problems
RAIL
3 small subway lines with 2.5 million passengers per day
Closes overnight
Not linked to other public transport services (no joint ticketing, for example)
Doesn’t cover all city zones
BUSES
17,000 buses
Confusing system
Access issues e.g. disabled
Inefficient ticket collection systems
Unreliable service
No filter lanes at lights

6. Solutions
Complete Task 2 and 3 in your booklet (simply label the picture for task 3)
Which transport solution is most effective, in your opinion? You must give fully developed reasons and must account for flaws in the other solutions that you have rejected