1. Everything’s An Argument
Classical Argument

2. Do Now Feb 10
How do you structure an argument?
In other words, when you have written an argument essay in the past, how did you outline it?

3. Cornell Note Time: Classical Argument
Exordium
Narratio
Partitio
Confirmatio
Refutatio
Peroratio
Hook & Credibility
Facts & Context
Claim & Reasons
Evidence & Reasoning
Counter Arg & Refutation
Summary & Call to Action

4. An Example
Read Bittman’s Article “Why Take Food Seriously” on p 779 in Everything’s an Argument.
Label 6 sticky-notes with the six parts of the Classical Argument, and place them in the appropriate parts of the text.
Hook & Credibility 4. Evidence & Reasoning
Claim & Reasons 5. Counter Arg & Refutation
Facts & Context 6. Summary & Call to Action

5. Where it is in Text
Exordium in Detail
Hook & Credibility
Gain’s reader’s interest
Establishes qualifications
Establishes common ground with reader
Demonstrates author’s fairness
States the claim.

6. Where it is in Text
Narratio in Detail
Facts and Context
Presents necessary context (definitions/
background)
Provides a personal or historical narrative relating to or outlining case

7. Partitio and Confirmatio in Detail
Where it is in Text
Partitio and Confirmatio in Detail
Claims & Reasons, Support & Logic
States a thesis
Provides hard evidence
Lays out logical reasoning

8. Refutatio in Detail
Where it is in Text
Counter Argument & Refutation
Examines other POVs and opposing arguments
Notes the advantages/
disadvantages of these views
Explains why author’s view is better

9. Where it is in Text
Peroratio in Detail
Summary & Call to Action
Summarizes argument
Elaborates on implications of the claim
Makes clear what the audience should do
Reinforces credibility or emotional appeal

10. EXIT SLIP:
Please List
1 thing you learned 1 thing you still have questions about 1 comment about the lesson

11. Do Now: What is the difference between claims and evidence?

12. A statement made with no proof.
Claim:
A statement made with no proof.
Evidence:
the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid

13. Debate!
Is Umofia a civilized society or not?

14. Types of Evidence Empirical Evidence Logical Evidence
Anecdotal Evidence
Fallacy
Evidence that comes from experiments & observation
Evidence that comes from reason and facts
Evidence that comes from personal experience
False or misleading argument based on little evidence

15. Will you buy my Headphones?
Lab results have shown that the headphones distort only at 2000 Hertz, while apple headphones distort at 1500Hz
The headphones come in many colors.
People like colorful things.
So people will like the headphones.
Empirical Evidence
Logical Evidence

16. Anecdotal Evidence Fallacy Headphone Evidence (moral equivalence)
Beyonce tried the new headphones and like them better than her old ones. She told me she would wear them.
People who don’t buy these headphones are evil music haters.
Anecdotal Evidence
Fallacy
(moral equivalence)

17. More on Fallacies Hasty Generalization Either/Or Red Herring
One person bought the headphones, so I know many will!
Either you buy the headphones or you will not listen to music
The headphones on full blast might hurt your eardrums, but they help me feed my children.
Cool people buy headphones like these! Losers don’t.
Hasty Generalization
Either/Or
Red Herring
Glittering/Negative Generality

18. The United States should ban the death penalty
Debate
The United States should ban the death penalty
Today’s goal: use all types of evidence

19. Debate Establish that an issue is a Fact—it happened
Establish a Definition of an issue
Establish the Cause of an issue
Establish to what Degree an issue hurts
Establish what Action we should take.
Merge this information with Three types of evidence

20. Definitions for homework
AFF: 5 min opening
NEG: 3 min CrossX
Time to check your notes to hit all of their claims
NEG: 5 min opening
AFF: 3 min CrossX
AFF: 4 min closing
NEG: 4 min closing

21. Debrief
What worked?
What didn’t?

22. Homework Go onto e3healy.weebly.com, APELAC Quarter 3,
and use the turnitin.com code to register for the Quarter 3 class.

23. Do Now: Practice Test!

24. How do you tear apart the prompt?
Argument Essay
How do you tear apart the prompt?

25. Argument outline You will make an arguable point
You will prove that point with reasons and evidence (3 kinds) from your brain
You will need to address a counterargument

26. How is it different? You won’t be able to research
You may use classical argument, but be sure your claims are clearly supported by three types of evidence.

27. Do Now:
Grab a Brave New World book

28. Let’s look at Chapter 2:
Social Control

29. Your Assignment Read Chapters 1-12
Identify elements of social control throughout the novel—using the response chart
Pick the one that YOU think will inspire the greatest debate—and create a proposal (a “we should” statement)
Be prepared to discuss and defend your choice Feb 27