1. Introduction to Biology
Crosby High School
AP Biology

2. 4 Big Ideas
The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life
Biological systems utilize free energy and molecular building blocks to grow, to reproduce and to maintain dynamic homeostasis
Living systems store, retrieve, transmit and respond to information essential to life processes
Biological systems interact, and these systems and their interactions possess complex properties

3. Eight Themes of Biology
Biological Hierarchy
Organism interactions
Energy Transformations
Form Follows Function
Cell is the basic unit of life
Continuity of Life
Regulation of Biological Systems
EVOLUTION

4. Hierarchy of Organization
Atoms  Molecules  organelles  cells
Cells  tissue  organs  organ systems  Organisms
Population  Biological community  Ecosystem

5. Properties of Life Order Reproduction Growth and Development
Energy Utilization
Response to the Environment
Homeostasis
Evolutionary Adaptation

6. Cell Theory Robert Hooke (1665) Anton van Leeuwenhoek
“Cells”
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
“Animacules”
Matthias Schleiden and Theodore Schwann (1839)
All living things are made of cells
All cells come from other cells

7. Two Main Cell Types Prokaryotic Eukaryotic Archaea and Bacteria
Lack Organelles
Cell walls
Eukaryotic
Eukarya
Organelles
Chromosomes

8. Continuity of Life All life uses same genetic code
Inheritance uses DNA
Genome
Human Genome
Craig Ventner vs. US Government

9. Interactions Organisms as open systems Regulatory mechanisms
Ecosystem Dynamics
Energy Conversion
Regulatory mechanisms
Catalysts
Negative Feedback
Positive Feedback

10. Diversity 30 million+ species Taxonomy Domains of Life Archaea
Bacteria
Eukarya
Plantae
Animalia
Fungi
Protista

11. Evolution Charles Darwin “On the Origin of Species” Natural Selection
“Descent with Modification”