1. Issues for Roosevelt and his “Bull Moosers”10
Your Initials
Pg. 680

2. ID: Progressive platform adopted by Roosevelt’s Progressive party
Significance:
More active role for government in economics and social affairs
Consolidate of trusts and unions
Grow powerful government agencies
Women’s suffrage
Broad Social welfare programs
Minimum wage
Social insurance (social security)
Looked forward to kind of activist welfare state brought on during New Deal
Election of 1912 offered the voters a choice not merely of policies but of political and economic philosophies

3. Wilson’s New Freedom 10
Your Initials Pg

4. ID: Progressive Democratic platform used for Wilson’s campaign in 1912
Significance:
Calls for strong anti-trust regulation, banking reform and tariff reduction
Favors small enterprise, entrepreneurship and unregulated and unmonopolized markets
Democratss have faith in competition
Fragmentation not regulation
Election of 1912 offered the voters a choice not merely of policies but of political and economic philosophies

5. Winner of Election of 1912 10
Your Initials
Pg. 681

6. ID: Wilson wins the electoral college vote handily
Significance:
Wilson is minority president, but does win majority in Congress
Real winner is Progressivism
Wilson only wins 41% of popular vote
Progressives combined win 74%
Progressive party has no real future because only few officials were elected to local and state offices
TR was a “one man show”

7. Wilson’s background and personality defects10
Your Initials Pg

8. Believed in self-determination
ID: Born in VA, raised in GA during civil war has profound effect on beliefs; Well educated student of government, President of Princeton, Governor of New Jersey
Significance:
Believed in self-determination
Shared Jefferson’s faith in masses, if properly educated
Defects
Cold and standoffish, lacked a “common touch”, sometimes arrogant intellectual
Idealistic, try to reform and improve government
Morally righteous, hard to compromise at times

9. Triple wall of privilege10
Your Initials Pg

10. Achieves changes to banking laws
ID: Wilson immediately calls for all out assault on Tariffs, Banks and Trusts
Significance:
Summons Congress into session and gives State of the Union Address in person to go against the tariff
Congress passes the Underwood Tariff Bill
Greatly reduced rates
Urges public to hold representatives accountable and not defeat the bill
Achieves changes to banking laws
Federal Reserve Act
Federal Reserve Notes
Trusts
Clayton Anti-Trust Act
Federal Trade Commission

11. 16th Amendment 10
Your Initials
Pg. 683

12. ID: Allows for government to tax income
Significance:
Graduated Income tax started at $3,000 (higher than average family income)
By 1917 revenue from income tax is higher than revenue from tariffs
Gap continues to widen

13. Federal Reserve Act 10
Your Initials Pg

14. Regional central banks are owned by member banks
ID: Proposal for a decentralized bank in government hands; Splits country into 12 districts, each having its own central bank
Significance:
Most important piece of economic legislation between Civil War and New Deal
Overhaul of banking system which addressed inelasticity of currency shown during panic of 1907
Regional central banks are owned by member banks
System overseen by Federal Reserve Board
5 member panel appointed by the President
Gives public control
Board has ability to issue “Federal Reserve Notes”
Paper money which allows for more control of circulation
Red-Letter achievement carries nation through financial crisis of World War I

15. Federal Trade Commission10
Your Initials
Pg. 684

16. Attempt to tame the trusts
ID: Allows president to appoint commission to turn a searchlight on industries engaged in interstate commerce
Significance:
Attempt to tame the trusts
Commissioners expected to crush monopolies at the source by rooting out unfair trade practices, including unlawful competition, false advertising, mislabeling, adulteration, and bribery

17. Clayton Anti-Trust Act10
Your Initials
Pg. 684

18. ID: Extended and strengthened the Sherman Anti-Trust Act
Significance:
Increased list of business practices that were deemed objectionable
Price discrimination and interlocking directories
Conferred long-overdue benefits of labor
Sought to exempt labor and agricultural organizations from antitrust prosecution
Explicitly legalizing strikes and peaceful picketing

19. Federal Farm Loan Act 10
Your Initials
Pg. 685

20. ID: Makes credit available to farmers at low rates of interest from 12 regional federal farm loan banks
Significance:
Expansion of Wilson’s power after going after Triple Wall of Privilege
Act long demanded by Populists
One of many laws to benefit rural America

21. Wilson’s additional progressive reforms10
Your Initials
Pg. 685

22. La Follette Seaman’s Act
ID: Wilson continues progressive reforms after achieving victory over triple wall of privilege
Significance:
La Follette Seaman’s Act
Required decent treatment and living wage on American Merchant ships
Workingmen’s Compensation Act
Granting assisting to federal civil-service employees during periods of disability
Restricted Child Labor
Adamson Act
Established 8 hour day for all employees on trains in interstate commerce with overtime pay
Appoints Louis D. Brandeis to Supreme Court
First Jewish member of the Court
Reforms have limits
Does not include civil rights for African Americans

23. Jones Act 10
Your Initials
Pg. 685

24. ID: Granted territorial status and promised independence to the Philippines as soon as a stable government could be established
Significance:
Demonstration of Wilson’s aversion to an aggressive foreign policy and move away from Dollar Diplomacy
Stable government and independence comes 30 yrs. later on July 4, 1946

25. Actions in Haiti 10
Your Initials Pg

26. Signed treaty providing supervision of finances and police
ID: Wilson dispatches Marines to Haiti to protect American lives and property in 1915
Significance:
Signed treaty providing supervision of finances and police
First of many moves in the Caribbean tying nations to U.S.
Slightly against Wilson’s anti-imperialist view

27. Moral Diplomacy 10
Your Initials
Pg. 687

28. ID: President Wilson’s using “soft power” in the Western Hemisphere
Significance:
Wilson would not engage with countries that were not democratic or friendly with the U.S.
Leads to helping Carranza against Huerta in Mexican conflict
“I am going to teach the South American republics to elect good men.”

29. Wilson and Pancho Villa10
Your Initials Pg

30. Carranza takes over from Huerta and is challenge by Villa
ID: Wilson helps arm Carranza and Pancho Villa in their fight against Huerta
Significance:
Carranza takes over from Huerta and is challenge by Villa
Villa tries to start war between U.S. and Mexico by killing 19 Americans in New Mexico

31. Black Jack Pershing 10
Your Initials
Pg. 688

32. Easily penetrates into Mexico Clash with forces on both sides
ID: Called on by Wilson to deal with Mexican threat;
Significance:
Easily penetrates into Mexico
Clash with forces on both sides
Can’t capture Villa
Recalled with German threat looming

33. U.S. Official & Public position during outbreak of WWI10
Your Initials Pg

34. British has closer ties to US
ID: The U.S. is officially neutral; Wilson calls for Americans to be neutral in thoughts and deeds
Significance:
British has closer ties to US
Censors keep out stories harmful to the Allies
Central Powers counted on American Neutrality
Near 11 million had blood-ties to powers
Expressed sympathy, but happy to not be involved
Most Americans were Anti-German
Further hurt image with attacks on American factories and ports
Great Majority hoped to stay out of the war

35. Central Powers protests against the U.S. – Allies trade10
Your Initials
Pg. 690

36. Germans respond with submarine warfare
ID: British and French send huge orders to U.S.; J.P. Morgan and company advance $2.3 Billion to Allies
Significance:
War pulls U.S. out of recession
Germany protests massive trade between Allies and U.S.
Germany was free to trade with U.S., but was stopped by geography and British
Britain controls sea lanes and harassed U.S. – German trade out of existence
Germans respond with submarine warfare

37. How trade issues lead the U.S. to war10
Your Initials Pg

38. Allies begin to force American ships into British ports
ID: U.S. tries to stay neutral, but is slowly drawn into the war through trade concerns
Significance:
Allies begin to force American ships into British ports
Effective barrier between U.S. and Germany
Germany announces submarine warfare around the British Isles
Would TRY to not sink neutral shipping
Wilson gets Germans to try to WARN ships before they are sunk
Germans sink more ships
U.S needed to persuade Allies to modify blockade
Wilson doesn’t accept this policy
U.S. on brink of war if more attacks occur

39. Importance of the Lusitania10
Your Initials Pg

40. ID: 128 Americans killed on British ocean liner off the coast of Ireland
Significance:
Americans shocked an angry over “murder” of citizens
Eastern U.S. more eager to fight
Wilson protests sinking but does not immediately declare war
German’s sink more ships, including the Sussex,
Wilson threatens to break off diplomatic relations

41. Winner of election of 1916 10
Your Initials Pg

42. Roosevelt asked to run by Bull Moose Party and refuses
ID: Wilson barely wins electoral and popular majority vs. Charles Evan Hughes
Significance:
Roosevelt asked to run by Bull Moose Party and refuses
Effectively kills the party
Democrats nominate Wilson
“He kept us out of war”
Hughes is not an effective campaigner
Democrats claim electing Hughes is a vote for war, with Teddy Roosevelt in charge
Hughes sweeps the east, Wilson takes Midwest and West
Shows deep division of country on the war