1. The Progressive Era Gives Way to World War
The Wilson Years

2. 1912 – Looking For Candidates
Democrats Nominate Woodrow Wilson, Progressive Governor from New Jersey

3. 1912 – Looking For Candidates
Republicans Nominate William Howard Taft for 2nd Term
Stick with the incumbant. Was the chosen successor by TR. Taft had resorted backto traditional Republicanism. Though he continued to bust the trusts he lost favor of the progressives and TR. He once proclaimed that the presidency was the lonesomest job in the world. In the midterm elections the Democrats took back the House.

4. 1912 – Looking For Candidates
Teddy Roosevelt Returns With Nomination of Bull Moose Party

5. 1912 – Choices? Consolidation of trusts and labor unions
“New Nationalism”
“New Freedom”
Consolidation of trusts and labor unions
Growth of regulatory agencies
Woman’s Suffrage
Social Welfare
Minimum Wage
Small Enterprise
Entrepreneurship
Unregulated, Free Markets
Shunned social welfare

6. Long-Winded Saves Roosevelt
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Teddy Roosevelt shot in chest by fanatic
Still gives campaign speech

7. Republican Party Splits Vote Wilson Wins

9. Wilson Tackles the “triple wall of privilege”
Tariff – tax on imported goods
- Reduces fees on imports
- Replaces revenue loss with income tax (16th Amendment)

10. Wilson Tackles the “triple wall of privilege”
Banks – Providers of loans and money
– Federal Reserve Act – establishes Federal Reserve Board
- nationwide system of 12 regional banks
- amount of $ in circulation could be increased as needed

11. Wilson Tackles the “triple wall of privilege”
3. Trusts – 1914 – Federal Trade Commission Act
- rooted out unfair comp., false adv., mislabeling, bribery - Clayton Anti-Trust Act – objectionable business practices like; price discrimination & interlocking directorates, purchasing stocks of other companies

12. Populist Ideas Become Law
Federal Farm Loan Act – made credit available to farmers at low interest rates
Warehouse Act – authorized loans on the security of staple crops

13. How do Third-Party Political Parties Influence Our Government?
Though they seldom win political elections, many of their ideas later become instituted into law.

14. DIRECT ELECTION OF SENATORS
Before 1913, each state’s legislature had chosen its own U.S. senators
To force senators to be more responsive to the public, progressives pushed for the popular election of senators
As a result, Congress passed the th Amendment (1913)

15. The Workingman Benefits
Workingman’s Compensation Act – Disability Insurance
Restricted Child Labor
Eight-hour day for railroad workers

16. WOMEN IN PUBLIC LIFE
Before the Civil War, American women were expected to devote their time to home and family
By the late 19th and early 20th century, women were visible in the workforce

17. DOMESTIC WORKERS
Before the turn-of-the-century women without formal education contributed to the economic welfare of their families by doing domestic work
Altogether, 70% of women employed in 1870 were servants

18. WOMEN IN THE WORK FORCE
Opportunities for women increased especially in the cities
By 1900, one out of five women worked
The garment trade was popular as was office work, department stores and classrooms

19. Colleges like Vassar and Smith allowed women to excel
WOMEN LEAD REFORM
Many of the leading progressive reformers were women
Middle and upper class women also entered the public sphere as reformers
Many of these women had graduated from new women’s colleges
Colleges like Vassar and Smith allowed women to excel

20. THREE-PART STRATEGY FOR WINNING SUFFRAGE
Suffragists tried three approaches to winning the vote
1) Convince state legislatures to adopt vote (Succeeded in Wyoming, Utah, Idaho, Colorado)
2) Pursue court cases to test 14th Amendment
3) Push for national constitutional Amendment

23. The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote in 1920
WOMEN WIN SUFFRAGE
Native-born, educated, middle-class women grew more and more impatient
Through local, state and national organization, vigorous protests and World War I, women finally realized their dream in 1920
The 19th Amendment gave women the right to vote in 1920