1. Tudor England
Objective: Students will be able to explain how the Tudor royalty centralized power in the English monarchy while dealing with Parliament.

2. Tudor England
Monarch’s power was balanced by Parliament and Common Law; allowed for uniformity across the land
Henry VII ( ) reestablishes royal control after the Wars of the Roses
Financial independence for the monarchy
Increase the power of Justices of the Peace.
Increase power and influence of royal council (the Star Chamber).

3. Tudor England Henry VIII
Used Reformation Parliament to increase power of the king (while Parliament’s prestige increased as well.)
Royal power increased through the leadership of Thomas Cromwell and the Privy Council
Royal income rose with the appropriation of church fees and possession; selling of church lands to new landowners.

4. Tudor England Edward VI Mary I
Being a minor, the nobility attempted to take back more power.
Mary I
In attempt to reestablish Catholicism, provoked revolts.
Gains the name “Bloody Mary” through burning of Protestants at the stake.
Mary marries Philip II of Spain.

5. Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I of England (r ) championed Protestant causes in Europe.
Queen Elizabeth I reverses Mary’s edicts.
1559, Parliament passes new Act of Supremacy and Act of Uniformity.
Elizabeth has difficulties as a inexperienced woman ruler, but she carefully crafted her image to instill the love of her people.

6. England v. Spain
Alliance with England ends with death of Mary in 1558 and the accession of Elizabeth.
England was an unlikely foe to Spain (lost possessions in Europe, had no overseas possessions)
Elizabeth helps Protestant Netherlands gain independence from Spain.
Philip plots to re-impose Catholicism in England.

7. The Armada, 1588
Elizabeth supported the Dutch Revolt and English privateers regularly attacked Spanish colonial shipping.
Philip II attempts to invade England to end Protestant resistance.
Fleet attempts to pick up Spanish troops in the Netherlands for invasion.
Armada is harassed by smaller, better armed and more maneuverable English fleet.

8. The Armada, 1588
The combination of better English seamanship and bad weather (“the Protestant Wind”) defeated the Spanish.
Forced to return home via northern route - half the fleet lost.
Marked the beginning of the rise of England as a major power with national identity.

9. Document Based Questions – Queen Elizabeth I: Against the Spanish Armada, 1588
What does Elizabeth say about her subjects and her relationship to them?
How does she describe herself as a ruler and leader?
Why does Elizabeth feel England will be victorious in the coming battle?