1. Harald Dovland, Ministry of Environment, Norway
LRTAP Convention:
Harald Dovland,
Ministry of Environment, Norway

2. The Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution (1979)
Art.2 “…. Parties … shall endeavour to limit and, as far as possible, gradually reduce and prevent air pollution including long-range transboundary air pollution.”

3. CLRTAP Protocols The 1985 Protocol on Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
The 1988 Protocol concerning the Control of Nitrogen Oxides
The 1991 Protocol on Control of Emissions of VOCs
The 1994 Protocol on Further Reduction of Sulphur Emissions
The 1998 Protocol on Heavy Metals
The 1998 Protocol on Persistent Organic Pollutants
The 1999 Protocol to abate Acidification, Eutrophication and Ground-level Ozone

4. Helsinki Protocol (1985)
Art. 2: ”The Parties shall reduce their national annual sulphur emissions or their transboundary fluxes by at least 30 per cent as soon as possible and at the latest by 1993, using 1980 levels as the basis for calculation of reductions.”

5. Gothenburg Protocol (1999)
Multi-pollutant multi-effect protocol
Art. 3: “Each Party having an emission ceiling in any table in annex II shall reduce and maintain the reduction in its annual emissions in accordance with that ceiling and the timeframes specified in that annex.”

6. SO2 commitments
VOC commitments
NH3 commitments
NOx commitments

7. LRTAP development
From simple, flat rate type commitments to effect oriented protocols aiming at cost-efficient solutions.
Strong links between science and policy.

8. Working Group on Strategies and Review
Executive Body
Implementation Committee
Working Group on Effects
EMEP Steering Body
Working Group on Strategies and Review
ICP Forests Task Force
Programme Coordinating Centre
Task Force on Emission Inventories and Projections
Expert Group on Ammonia Abatement
ICP Integrated Monitoring Task Force
Expert Group on Heavy Metals
Programme Centre
Task Force on Measurement and Modelling
ICP Modelling and Mapping Task Force
Coordination Center for Effects
Chemical Coordinating Centre
Network of Experts on Benefits and Economic Instruments
ICP Materials Task Force
Main Research Centre
Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-West
Expert Group on Techno-economic Issues
ICP Vegetation Task Force
Programme Centre
Meteorological Synthesizing Centre-East
Task Force on POPs
ICP Waters Task Force
Programme Centre
Task Force on Integrated Assessment Modelling
Proposed Expert Group on Particulate Matter
Task Force Health
Centre for Integrated Assessment Modelling

9. Emission trends of SO2 in the EMEP area 1980-2001. Source: EMEP/MSC-W

10. Future challenges
Financing of core activities, both national monitoring and research activities and international coordination.
Improve the basis for effect based approach; all elements of integrated assessment models should be based on state-of-the-art science and high quality data.