1. bre Innovation Park Visitor Centre:
Energy Modelling and Efficiency Strategies for a Zero Energy Building

2. Group members Ioanna Vrachimi Georgia-Charoula Anagnostou
Evangelos Kyrou
David Enonche Ochiba
MSc Sustainable Engineering:
Renewable Energy Systems and the Environment

3. BRE Innovation Park @ Ravenscraig
Visitor Centre

4. Net Zero Energy Building
Aim
Visitor Centre:
Net Zero Energy Building

5. Project Aim Demand Supply Financial Analysis Final Decision
Combinations
Financial Analysis
Final Decision
PROJECT APPROACH

6. Existing Building

7. Triple glazing low-e Windows
Materials & Technologies
Triple glazing low-e Windows
Ceiling
phase change material
Floor
Polyurethane and epoxy based resin flooring systems
Lighting
Large windows for maximum daylight harvesting
U - values (W/m2K)
Roof
0.1
Floor
External walls
0.15
Windows
0.9

8. Underfloor Heating System
Materials & Technologies
MVHR
Solar Thermal
Flat Plate Collector
Underfloor Heating System
ASHP
Photovoltaics
18 Panels – 4.5kW in total
Batteries
6 Batteries (1104 Ah)
Electric Heaters

9. Specific Energy Demand
Energy & Environmental Performance
Existing Issues
Energy surplus NOT exported to the grid
Summer Overheating
Specific Energy Demand
59 kWh/m2

11. Shading Effect
Month: July

13. Air Source Heat Pump
Air to water; combination with underfloor heating system
Annual electrical demands for heating down by 2/3
COP =
TOTAL ELECTRICITY
22 %

14. 26 % Ground Source Heat Pump
Underground temperature at 6 meters depth in the UK ≈ 10oC
Water Temperature = 35oC
Seasonal COP ≈ 4.8
TOTAL ELECTRICITY
26 %

15. Biomass Boiler
 0.5 tonne of wood pellets required to cover annual heating demands.
Average wood pellet price = 4.34 p/kWh
TOTAL ELECTRICITY
32 %

17. Supply - Electricity PV Panels Wind Turbine 4.5 kW – 9 kW

19. Site Vs Source
Source Energy
= 2.67 x Site Energy
Site Energy

20. Energy Flows – Net Zero SITE Energy Building
BEST

21. Best Combination for Net Zero SITE Energy Building
18 x
(4.5 kW)

22. Energy Flows – Net Zero SOURCE Energy Building
Existing
BEST

23. 30 x Best Combination for Net Zero SOURCE Energy Building (7.5 kW)
Demand/Supply matching rate was the criterion.
(7.5 kW)
(2.5 kW)

25. Financial Analysis Capital Costs Maintenance Costs Operational Costs
Revenues (FIT, RHI)
Payback Periods

26. 24 PVs (6 kW) + Electric Heaters
Financial Analysis – Net Zero SITE Energy Building
years
Payback Period
(negative)
24 PVs (6 kW) + Electric Heaters
18 PVs (4.5 kW) + Biomass
18 PVs (4.5 kW) + ASHP
18 PVs (4.5 kW) + GSHP
18 x
(4.5 kW)
Best Combination

27. Financial Analysis – Net Zero SOURCE Energy Building
18 PVs (4.5 kW) + 1 WT (6 kW) + Electric Heaters
30 PVs (7.5 kW) + 1 WT (2.5 kW) + ASHP
30 PVs (7.5 kW) + 1 WT (2.5 kW) + GSHP
24 PVs (6 kW) + 1 WT (2.5 kW) + Biomass
years
Payback Period
(6 kW)
18 x
(4.5 kW)
Best Combination

28. Parameters to be considered
Model-based results
Weather Impact
Analysis based on current market prices
Capital cost available - no loan rates/inflation considered
Heating Demands
Cooling Demands - Blinds Effectiveness
Supply Output
Visitor Centre, ESP-r model

29. Conclusions Best demand/supply matching ≠ Cost-effective solution
Energy export to the grid is essential:
High energy surplus
Significant revenues from FITs
No incentives for energy storage (expensive & limited capacity)
Effective use of shading rather than energy-intensive cooling system

30. Net Zero Site Energy Net Zero Source Energy
Achievable with small enhancements - replace heating supply
Lower Capital Costs
Lower demand matching - dependence on electricity price
Net Zero Source Energy
Energy Imports are minimized - low dependence on electricity price
Higher Capital Costs (2 to 10 times up)
Expenses are eliminated - net revenues up to £1800/year
Shorter payback periods

31. Thank You!
Any Questions?