1. Abdominal Cavity 1: Peritoneum
Recommended Textbooks
Clinical Anatomy by Region.
Author: Richard S. Snell.
Publisher: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Principles of Human Anatomy
Authors: Gerard Tortora, Mark Nielsen
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Grant’s Atlas of Anatomy
Authors: Anne Agur, Arthur Dalley

2. (G, To stretch or cover around )
Peritoneum
A serous membrane of 2 continuous layers that covering the abdominal organs
(G, To stretch or cover around )
Parietal: lining internal abdominal wall
Visceral: lining abdominal organs (viscera)
Peritoneal cavity: space between parietal & visceral layers
fluid filled  reduce friction
* NO organs in peritoneal cavity

4. Abdominal Organs Relation to Peritoneum
Intraperitoneal:
completely covered by visceral peritoneum
Retroperitoneal:
posterior (behind) the peritoneum
touched anteriorly by parietal peritoneum

5. Peritoneal Cavity 2 parts Greater sac: main part of peritoneal cavity
Lesser sac (omental bursa):
extensional cavity behind the stomach
allows free movement of stomach
it has 3 recesses: sup., inf., & splenic
connects with greater sac through epiploic foramen

7. Epiploic Foramen Foramen of Winslow Connects lesser sac to greater sac
Boundaries:
Ant.: portal triad
(p. vein, h.a., & bile duct)
Post.: IVC
Sup.: Liver (caudate lobe)
Inf.: duodenum (1st part)

8. Foramen of Winslow & Lesser Sac

9. Terms describing parts of peritoneum
Peritoneum has special names at specific regions:
omentum
mesentry & mesocolon
ligaments

10. Greater curvature of stomach
Omentum
Broad, double layered sheet of peritoneum that connects stomach to another abdominal organ
2 parts
1. Greater Omentum:
Greater curvature of stomach 
Down (like apron)
Reflects up again
Ant. transverse colon

11. Greater Omentum
3 parts
Reflection

12. Internal Omental Herniation
A loop of intestine may pass through foramen of winslow  lesser sac  None of the boundaries can be incised to reduce the hernia Rx.: 1st: aspirating the gut content 2nd: pushing the herniated loop out of lesser sac by inserting the index finger into it through ant. 2 layers of ??

14. Lesser curvature of stomach & small part of dudenum (2cm)
2. Lesser Omentum
Lesser curvature of stomach
& small part of dudenum (2cm) 
Liver
Post. to it = lesser sac
* The free edge of lesser omentum is called: hepatoduodenal ligament
 contains portal triad

16. Hepatoduodenal Ligament

17. Mesentery & Mesocolon Mesentry: Mesocolon:
double layer of peritoneum connects small
intestine to posterior abdominal wall
mesentry of small intestine
Mesocolon:
double layer of peritoneum connects large
transverse mesocolon
sigmoid mesocolon
mesoappendix

18. Mesentery
&
Mesocolon

19. Ligaments
Double layer of peritoneum that is usually attached to solid organs (liver & spleen)
Falciform Lig.:
Attachs the liver to ant. abdominal wall
& ends by enclosing ligamentum teres
Hepatoduodenal Lig.:
The free edge of …?
1st 2 cm of duodenum to liver
Contents?

21. Peritoneal Nerve Supply
Parietal Peritoneum: (sensations)
T7 – T12
L1 (iliohypogastric)
Obturator nerve (in the pelvis)
Visceral Peritoneum:
Autonomic nerve supply
(only for stretch)

22. Organs Relations to Peritoneum
Stomach (intra)
Duodenum
(retro, except 1st 2 cm)
Jejunum & ileum (intra)
Cecum (??)
Appendix (intra)
Ascending (retro)
Transverse (intra)
Descending (retro)
Sigmoid (intra)
Rectum: within the pelvis
upper part (ant. & lat.)
middle part (ant.)
lower (no covering, subpertoneal)
Liver:
Intraperitoneal
except over 3 areas
Pancreas:
Retroperitoneal
except for the tail
Spleen:
Kidneys: