1. Classification of Organisms
Chapter 14-1

2. Why do we classify things???
Give some examples

3. Taxonomy
Science of naming/classifying organisms

4. Early Classification 2000 years ago-Aristotle (greek philosopher)
Grouped according to structural similarities
Problems?
Penguins? Amphibians?
Later-Greeks & Romans
Grouped into specific categories
Each group = Genus (Latin for group)
Ex: dogs, oaks, horses, bees
Many types in one category

5. Early Classification (cont)
1700’s- Polynomials (many names)
Used many Latin descriptive names
Problems?
Bulky, confusing, names changed a lot

6. Early Classification (cont)
1750’s – Carl Linnaeus  Binomial Nomenclature
Two-word naming system (simpler)
Genus name + descriptive word (Latin)
Most still used today

7. The classification of an organism is based on what two concepts?
Physical Traits
Similar traits (homologous/vestigial structures) suggest common anscestors
Phylogeny
An organisms evolutionary history

8. Current Classification Groups
Domain
Kingdom
Phylum
Class
Order
Family
Genus
Species
mnemonic
Did
King
Phillip
Come
Over
For
Good
Spaghetti

9. Scientific Name Genus species Genus = capitalized Species = lower case
Always italicized or underlined
Ex: Escherichia coli Or E. coli

10. Make Your Own Mnemonic Device
On a half sheet of computer paper
Come up with your own mnemonic device
School Appropriate!
Add color diagram/pictures
Must be neat enough to display
Extra credit for most creative/memorable
D, K, P, C, O, F, G, S