1. Ancient Egypt
The Old Kingdom

2. The Old Kingdom Early Egyptian Society Religion and Egyptian Life
The Pyramids

3. Rule by Pharaohs Pharaohs were Egyptian kings Seen as Gods
Had absolute power
Blamed for bad crops
Blamed for diseases
Make trade profitable
Prevent wars

4. Social Structure Pharaoh Government Officials Priests Scribes Artisans
Peasants

5. Government Officials Vizier advised the pharaoh
Chief Treasurer collected taxes
General of the Armies protected Egypt
They lived the life of luxury!
Egyptian women enjoying a banquet

6. Priests High Priest advised the Pharaoh Several Baths a day
Shaved their head to show cleanliness
Oversaw religious ceremonies
Oversaw mummification
Women could be priestesses

7. Scribes Record Keepers Rise in social class Only men
12 years or more of school
School difficult
Became wealthy
Paid no taxes

8. Artisans
Sculptors, builders, carpenters, jewelers, metal workers, & leather workers
Architects and artists designed and decorated temples and tombs.

9. Peasants Lowest & largest social class
3 seasons: flooding, planting, & harvest
Give crops to pharaoh
Work on projects or fight wars
Could keep leftover grain
Beaten if bad harvest

10. Religion and Egyptian Life
The Gods of Egypt
Emphasis on the Afterlife
Burial Practices

11. The Gods of Egypt Anubis = the god of the dead
Re or Amon Re = the sun god
Osiris = the god of the underworld
Isis = the goddess of magic
Horus = the sky god, god of the pharaohs

12. Anubis
The god of the dead

13. Re or Amon Re
The sun god

14. Osiris
The god of the underworld

15. Isis
The goddess of magic

16. Horus
The sky god, god of the pharaohs

17. Emphasis on the Afterlife
afterlife-life after death
happy place
young and healthy
ka, or a person’s life force
Ka left body at death
Stayed at burial site
What objects were left at the burial site for the person to use in the afterlife?

18. Burial Practices mummies-specially treated bodies wrapped in cloth.
elite-people of wealth and power.
only elite family members mummified
poor buried in desert

19. Famous Mummies
Ramses
Ramses II
KingTut

20. Canopic Jars Hapi (baboon)-liver Duamutel (jackal)-stomach
Qebehsenuef (falcon)-intestines
Imsety (man)-liver
Heart was only organ left in the body

21. The Pyramids
The pyramids at Giza (the Great Pyramid of Khufu is in the center.

22. The Great Sphinx
The Sphinx had the body of a lion and the head of a man.

23. Other Pyramids Djoser’s step pyramid Meidum Pyramid
Snefru’s Bent Pyramid