2. Risk Assessment and Accident Prevention
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment and Accident Prevention
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

3. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Terminology
Accident
Near miss
Dangerous Situation
Occupational illness
Exposure
Hazard
Risk
Probability, Likelihood
Severity
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

4. What exactly is an accident ?
Accident: event occurring on the CERN site, or offsite in the course of official activities for CERN, and
resulting in bodily injuries,
having consequences on the environment, or
causing significant damage to property belonging to CERN or third parties.
This includes road accidents on the CERN site.
CERN Safety Code A2
A personal accident is an unplanned event that results in injury or ill-health of people.
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

5. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Not quite an accident
Near miss: event presenting a significant risk exposure to the occurrence of an accident, even in the absence of injuries and damages
It is believed that for every 10 ‘near miss’ events at a particular location, a minor accident may occur under similar circumstances.
A dangerous occurrence is a ‘near miss’ which could, under unfavourable conditions, have led to serious injury or loss of life.
Examples:
Road in bad state → Accident
Chemicals stored together with food → Occupational illness
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

6. Evaulation de risque et prévention d'accidents
Near Miss
Accident
Dangerous Situations
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Evaulation de risque et prévention d'accidents

7. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Hazard and Risk
Hazard is the potential of a substance, activity or process to cause an accident or an occupational illness.
The level of Risk of a substance, an activity or a process is determined by
The probability to provoke an accident or an occupational illness
The severity of the consequences
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

8. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Hazard 100 %
Risk depends on how close you get (and if the lion is hungry)
Hazard 100 %
Risk 0% as long as the cage remains closed
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

9. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Don’t confuse !
Hazards take many forms, e.g.
Electricity, dangerous chemicals, work at height
For a risk to be present,
At least one person must be exposed to the hazard (probability)
The potential of the hazardous substance or activity to cause more or les severe injury or ill-health determines the level of risk
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

10. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Hazard: The Lion
Exposed Persons, if the lion is let loose
Severity: irreversible or fatal injury
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

11. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
How to reduce risk ?
Reduce the probability of an accident
Equipment “safe by dsign”
Exclusion areas
Train the workers …
Reduce the severity of an accident’s consequences
Replace a dangerous product by a less dangerous one
Use personal protections
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

12. Principles of (Risk) control
Employer’s obligations (89/391/CEE)
Avoid risk (by elimination)
Evaluate those risks that cannot be eliminated
Counteract at the source of the hazard
Adapt the work(place) to man
Take account of state-of-the-art
Replace the dangerous with the less dangerous
Prevent accidents by integrating technical measures with work organisation and working conditions
Prefer collective protections
Give workers appropriate instructions.
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

13. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Hazard Elimination
If possible, get rid of the hazardous substance / activity / process altogether
Hazard 0 %
Hazard 100 %
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

14. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Why Risk Assessment ?
At the workplace, many hazards are present:
Electricity, dangerous chemicals, work at height, tools, machines, …
Risk Assessment allows to estimate the accident potential of every identified hazard
Allows to set priorities in risk reduction or for accident prevention in general
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

15. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Identify the Hazards
Walk around the workplace
Use a hazard register (OHS & 0-0-2, EDMS v.2)
Talk to the employees and other workers
Check manuals, labels, documentations, Material safety data sheets etc.
Team up with your Safety Officers
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

16. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Estimate the risks
“Guesstimate” the frequency and the severity of the accidents or ill-health
Take into account who could be exposed to the hazard
You can use OHS or OHS or any other template that suits you
Muster the help of your Safety Officers
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

17. Risk Matrix (Example) High Risk Level 1/day Risk Reduction = Control
1/month
Medium
1/year
Likelihood ?
Low
1/10 years
Injury
reversible
without stopping work
Injury
reversible if the work is stopped
Minor
irreversible
injury
Irreversible
or fatal
injury
Severity
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

18. Counteract at the source of the risk
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Evaulation de risque et prévention d'accidents

19. Adapt work and workplace to man (Ergonomy)
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Evaulation de risque et prévention d'accidents

20. Take account of state-of-the-art
1913
2013
Evaulation de risque et prévention d'accidents
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial

21. Replace the dangerous with the less dangerous
Exchange hazardous substance / activity / process against less hazardous one
Low Hazard
Hazard 100 %
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

22. Collective Protection
Risk 0 %
Hazard 100 %
Risk 100 %
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

23. Individual Protection
Risk 0 %
Hazard 100 %
Attention: individual protection does most of the times not reduce the likelihood of an accident, but its severity.
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

24. Give workers appropriate instructions
Sign-posting
Authorisations
Acces controle
Formation à la sécurité
Habilitation
Permis
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

25. Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention
Safety Training
Certificate For
Safe Handling
of Lions
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention

26. Lunch Break Have a good meal !
Territorial Safety Officer (TSO) - Initial
Risk Assessment & Accident Prevention