1. Sustainability Issues in Cement Industry
An Engineering Perspective
Presented by:

2. Introduction
Need for profit drive cement companies to adopt sustainable methods
Sustainability requires faultless balance between people, profit and the planet
Energy requirements and environmental concern among key challenges
Industry consumes non renewable resources and produces toxic CO2
human activities like cement production contribute 6percent of all greenhouse CO2
The ever increasing pressure to make profits for many companies alike puts the cement industry in the same situation, to make sure their production process is sustainable and environmentally friendly.
To achieve sustainability in the cement industry, there should be a faultless balance between people, profit and the planet requiring a calculated approach.
Regardless of its attractiveness and profitability, the cement industry faces numerous challenges due to ecological worry and sustainability matters

3. Cement production
Significant differences of cement production in various countries
China leads the globe in 4 billion tons of cement produced annually.
In every I1 kg of cement produced 0.9 kg of C02 is released
The discharge happens through control process and burning fossils
Resource efficiency, eco-efficiency through better energy use in, quarrying, waste management and recycling are sustainability goals
The manufacture of cement varies significantly from country to country with the accessibility of resources.
A conventional approximation indicates that for every production of 1 kg of cement the carbon dioxide by-product amounts to 0.9 kg .
The key sources of discharge in cement industrial procedures are in two ways; firstly, from the control process and secondly from the burning fuel utilized to heat the unprocessed materials in high temperatures usually in the range of 1500°C.

4. Sustainability issues
Cement industry is an energy-intensive industry affecting cost of production
It is a labor-intensive industry skyrocketing labor cost
non-renewable sources of energy used to run the industry
High demand for clean water competing with domestic use
Work place safety and human health issues
The cement industry is an energy-intensive industry, and a lot of energy is required to produce the final product. Also, it is a labor-intensive thus high cost of labor, outdated and inefficient technologies and risk of industrial action (Acton, 2013). .
There is also a matter of the high use of non-renewable raw materials such as shale, Clay, limestone and iron ore, although utilization of alternative
materials
Also, the projects demand a lot of water probably clean drinking water is used as a coolant, dust suppressants or for cleaning purposes, it is also useful in concrete making process. There are also issues of workplace safety and health since the industry involves generation of a lot of heat, heavy machinery and manual nature of tasks a lot of accident and fatalities are likely reported.

5. How cement industries can carry joint sustainable projects
Partnership with stakeholders key in sustainable cement production
Adopt environmentally friendly figures to define acceptable discharge
Sharing of information on employee health and safety through comprehensive accidents reports
Creating awareness in the community on safety and health hazards
companies can come together to undertake a specific project, in partnership with stakeholders and form guidelines that aid spearhead sustainable cement production. Companies in partnership with stakeholders can adopt environmentally friendly figures to define and make open the baseline discharge.
A thorough investigation of all industrial accident no matter how minute they appear then share this information with similar industry concerning origins, rates and accidents occurrences. Also, integrate internal business environment with sustainable initiatives that are monitors and reported within specific set timelines.

6. Recommendation and Conclusion
Prospect of utilizing recycled cement needs urgent exploration
Reutilization and recycling of the undamaged variety
Land Reclamation process and waste proper disposal
Innovative solutions can safeguard the industry future as well as environmental health
Recycle and create sustainable building designs
Address factors affecting the natural and cultural environment up to global scale
The prospect of utilizing recycled cement needs urgent exploration because cement business is among top resource exhaustive industry.
Industries need to have proper waste disposal systems, practice land reclamation process in areas where damage has been created through quarrying or mining of cement materials. Experts in the cement industry are responsible for finding innovative solutions that safeguard the industry future as well as environmental health.

7. References
Acton, Q. (2013). Issues in environmental economics, engineering, and technology. 1st ed.
Haggar, S. (2013). Sustainable industrial design and waste management. 2nd ed. Amsterdam: Elsevier Academic Press.
Imbabi, M. (2012). Trends and developments in green cement and concrete technology. International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment, 1(2), pp
Potgieter, J(2012). An Overview of Cement Production: How “green” and sustainable is the industry?. Environmental Management and Sustainable Development, 1(2).Pp, 14-33
Rodriguez, F. & Joekes I. (2011). Cement Industry: sustainability, challenges, and perspectives. Environmental Chemistry Letters.
Sabnis, G. (2011). Green building with concrete. 1st ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
Schneider, M., Romer, M., Tschudin, H. (2011). Sustainable cement production – present and future Cement Concrete Res., 41 (7), pp. 642–650
“World Business Council for Sustainable Development,” 2012 World Business Council for Sustainable Development, Sustainable, Construction 2012.