1. History of Film
By: Larisa Ashton

2. Celluloid
A transparent and pliable film that could hold a small layer of chemicals that are sensitive to light
Invented by Hannibal Goodwin
This allowed a strip of film to move through a camera in rapid succession creating a series of pictures
George Eastman bought Goodwin’s patent, fixed it, and manufactured the first film for motion pictures

3. Kinetograph An early movie camera
Made by Edison’s assistant William Kennedy Dickson
He also made the kinetoscope (a veiwing system)

4. Arrival of Nickelodeons
Nickelodeons are actually just movie theaters
This term combines the admission price and the Greek word for “theater”
According to media historian Douglas Gomery these makeshift theaters were made in pawn shops, cigar stores and restaurants

5. Movie Palaces A really nice place to view movies
These were made in order to draw in the middle and upper class

6. Film techniques
The first cameras were fastened to their tripod and thus the shots were all still and didn’t move
For moving shots the camera would be put on a vehicle and that way the camera could be moved
In 1897 Robert W. Paul had the first real rotating camera

7. Film Techniques
Robert W. Paul’s device had the camera mounted on a vertical axis that could be moved by use of a worm gear that was controlled by a crank

8. reverse motion and the quality of self-motivating images
This was done by repeating the action a second time
while filming it with an inverted camera
And then joining the tail of the second negative to the first

9. Real Film Continuity
Showing action moving from one shot to another joined into it
Like showing an old couple going into a museum then cutting to what they do inside the museum

10. Multi-reel Films
It was around 1910 that screen actors first started getting credit in the film
The appearance of films with more than one reel helped with this creation
More multi-reel films were made in Europe then America after 1906
This was because the MPPC insisted that we do only single reel productions up until 1912

11. Before this some MPPC members got around this by releasing short single-reel films of a continues story within weeks of each other

12. Point of View Shots
Previously this was only done by giving the impression that someone was looking through a telescope
A shot of people looking at something then cutting to looking at the something from their vantage wasn’t made till 1910

13. Reverse Angle Shots
Continuing a scene with a cut taken of the action from the opposite side
This was more commonly known as a “reverse scene”

14. Film Studios The big change in the U.S. was to use a “dark” studio
The existing glass-roofed studio’s were blacked out
And the new studios being built around L.A. were made with solid walls

15. Resources http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_film
Media & culture an introduction to mass communication 5 By: Richard Campbell, Christopher R. Martin, Bettina Fabo