1. Prototypical eukaryotic gene
Prototypical eukaryotic gene. In schematic form, a cellular gene is depicted in which exons or coding regions (boxes) are separated by intervening sequences (introns). Introns begin with the dinucleotide GT and end with AG. A short motif of AATAA (or modified versions) direct endonucleolytic cleavage and polyadenylation of nascent RNAs. Promoter elements, shown as empty parentheses, lie upstream from the start of the gene and are often multiple in nature. Common promoter elements include motifs such as TATA and CCAAT (TATA and CAT boxes) and GGCGGG (the Spl nuclear factor binding site). Additional sequences, known as enhancers, augment transcription and can lie either before, within, or downstream from the gene. After transcription, the RNA is processed to yield mature mRNA, which is translated to yield protein.
Source: Genetics, Biochemistry, and Molecular Bases of Variant Human Phenotypes, The Online Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease
Citation: Valle D, Beaudet AL, Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, Antonarakis SE, Ballabio A, Gibson K, Mitchell G. The Online Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease; 2014 Available at: Accessed: October 21, 2017
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