1. Date Submitted: [xx Nov, 2009]
Project: IEEE P Working Group for Wireless Personal Area Networks (WPANs)
Submission Title: Biological Effects of WPT systems for MICS and Needs for Standardization of WPT systems
Date Submitted: [xx Nov, 2009]
Source: JoonHyeok Oh[CNU], Jeong Ki Pack[CNU], Tae Hong Kim[CNU],
YangMoon Yoon[KORPA], MoonYoung Choi[KORPA],
SangYun Lee[KORPA]
Contact: JoonHyeok Oh, Chungnam National Univ, Korea
Voice: :
Re: [n/a]
Abstract: Provide some information on possible biological effects due to WPT systems and discuss the necessity for standardization
Purpose: To investigate possible biological effects of WPT systems for MICS devices and to propose needs for standardization of WPT systems
Notice: This document has been prepared to assist the IEEE P It is offered as a basis for discussion and is not binding on the contributing individual's or organization's. The material in this document is subject to change in form and content after further study. The contributor's reserves the right to add, amend or withdraw material contained herein.
Release: The contributor acknowledges and accepts that this contribution becomes the property of IEEE and maybe made publicly available by P

2. Biological Effects of WPT systems for MICS and Needs for Standardization of WPT systems
JoonHyeok Oh[CNU], Tae Hong Kim[CNU]
Jeong Ki Pack[CNU], ,
YangMoon Yoon[KORPA], MoonYoung Choi[KORPA],
SangYun Lee[KORPA]
Good afternoon. Nice to meet you. I’m glad to see you again after Dallas meeting.
Let me introduce myself. My name is KiBum Kwon. And I’m senior engineer working in KORPA.
OK, now I’d like to explain why wireless power transmission scheme need for the implant devices and what limitations are considered for using wireless power transmission. 2

3. Purpose and Contents
This document presents to investigate possible biological effects of WPT systems for MICS devices and to propose needs for standardization of WPT systems
Contents
- Introduction
- WPT system
- Human protection guideline
- Simulation 1 (403 MHz) - RF transmission
- Simulation 2 (800 kHz) - Inductive coupling
- Conclusions
Even though this page shows that the purpose of presentation is just considering about WPT frequency, but I’d like to propose WPT to TG6 standardization.
If I have a chance, I’d like to propose WPT to TG6 standardization with formal style in Montreal meeting. 3

4. Introduction Recently, application of WPT systems to MICS
Nov 2009
Introduction
Recently, application of WPT systems to MICS
devices is actively investigated.
However, WPT systems could cause possible
health effects.
The results of the preliminary study are presented
and necessity for some kinds of standard is
discussed.
* WPT: Wireless Power Transmission

5. MICS devices Power requirements of IMD devices Nov 2009
Typical power requirement
Pacemaker
30~100uW
Cardiac Defibrillator
Neurological Stimulator
30uW to several mW
Drug Pump
100uW to 2mW
Cochlear Implants
10mW
Capsule Endoscope
37mW
Power requirements of IMD devices
* MICS: Medical Implanted Communication System
Slide 5

6. WPT system for MICS Methods Inductive coupling technology:
Nov 2009
WPT system for MICS
Methods
Inductive coupling technology:
several cm – about 10 cm
Non-radiative resonance technology:
several m
RF transmission technology:
over several m
Frequencies
125 kHz, 800 kHz, 10 MHz, 13.6 MHz, MHz, MHz, other ISM bands
Slide 6

7. Inductive coupling technology
Nov 2009
Inductive coupling technology
Widspower’s non-contact charger device
Slide 7

8. Non-radiative resonant technology
Nov 2009
Non-radiative resonant technology
Intel’s Wireless Resonant Energy Link technology
KETI’s thin film type WPT system
Slide 8

9. RF transmission technology
Nov 2009
RF transmission technology
PowerCast’s wireless charger device
Slide 9

10. Human protection guideline (SAR)
Nov 2009
Human protection guideline (SAR)
Division
ICNIRP
CNELEC
USA
IEEE
JAPAN
KOREA
Whole body
0.4(0.08)
Section
Limbs
20(4)
1.6
Head
10(2)
8(1.6)
Body
Tissue mass (g) 10
1(Head,Body)
10(Limbs) 1
* Figures in the ( ) indicate general public’s one
* Reference : IEEE C
Slide 10 10

11. Human protection guideline (E/H field)
Nov 2009
Human protection guideline (E/H field)
[2]
Electric field
Magnetic field
- General Public -
Slide 11 11

12. Simulation for WPT systems
Nov 2009
Simulation for WPT systems
RF transmission system
403 MHz
Pacemaker, Neurological Stimulator,
Drug Pump, Cochlear Implants,
Capsule Endoscope
Inductive coupling system
800 kHz
Slide 12

13. Simulation 1 – RF transmission (1)
Nov 2009
Simulation 1 – RF transmission (1)
Frequency : 403 MHz
Model : Korean phantom model (by ETRI)
Antenna : Dipole antenna
Tool : Remcom’s XFDTD 6.6 version 17 1 10 16 15 2 3 4 5 9 6 7 8 11 14 13 12
Slide 13

14. Simulation 1 – RF transmission (2)
Nov 2009
Simulation 1 – RF transmission (2)
Power density vs depth
Skin : 62 ~ 65 %
fat : 57 ~ 62 %
muscle : 38 ~ 41 %
heart : 10 ~ 33 %
liver : 8 ~ 9 %
stomach : 1.8 ~ 6.7 %
Skin
Stomach
Slide 14

15. Average SAR in exposed Object (W/kg)
Nov 2009
Simulation 1 – RF transmission (3)
Maximum SAR for 1 W input
Average SAR in exposed Object (W/kg)
1.06x10-2
Maximum 1g SAR
(W/kg)
3.34
Maximum 10g SAR
1.70
Slide 15

16. Simulation 1 – RF transmission (4)
Nov 2009
Simulation 1 – RF transmission (4)
Estimated input power for MICS devices
Pace
Maker
Neuro.
Stimul.
Drug
Pump
Coch.
Implant
Capsule
Endo.
45 mW
40 mW
3 W
7 W
25 W
Ae = (where, )
Slide 16

17. Simulation 1 – RF transmission (5)
Nov 2009
Simulation 1 – RF transmission (5)
Estimated maximum SAR values
Pace
Maker
Neuro.
Stimul.
Drug
Pump
Coch.
Implant
Capsule
Endo.
1g SAR
(W/kg)
0.15
0.13
10.2
23.38
83.5
10g SAR
0.08
0.07
5.1
11.9
42.5
Slide 17

18. Simulation 2 – Inductive coupling (1)
Nov 2009
Simulation 2 – Inductive coupling (1)
Capsular endoscope
Wireless energy receiver
Wireless energy transmitter
Prototype of C.E developed in Korean research group
Slide 18

19. Simulation 2 – Inductive coupling (2)
Nov 2009
Simulation 2 – Inductive coupling (2)
Wireless power transmission system
by inductive coupling.
Equivalent current driving circuit
for magnetic field generation
Resonance frequency : 800 kHz
Tx coil size : 450 mm (width) * 250 mm (depth) * 450 mm (height)
20 turns
Coil current = 2.6 A
Tool : Ansoft HFSS
Slide 19

20. Simulation 2 – Inductive coupling (3)
Nov 2009
Simulation 2 – Inductive coupling (3)
Magnetic Field Intensity and Human Exposure Safety [3]
Magnetic Field Intensity (H)
Capsule Endoscope Operation
(3.0 VDC, 37 mW)
26 A/m
(3.0 VDC, 150 mW )
119 A/m
FCC (USA) Guideline
20.4 A/m @ 800 kHz
Korea (Occupational) and EC Guideline
2.0 A/m @ 800 kHz
Korea (General Public) Guideline
0.91 A/m @ 800 kHz
Slide 20

21. Conclusions WPT technology is useful for MICS.
Nov 2009
Conclusions
WPT technology is useful for MICS.
The preliminary study shows that WPT system
could cause some hazardous effects on human
body.
More intensive studies on biological effects due to
exposure to such systems are required.
Standardization for WPT system for MICS seems
to be necessary. .
Slide 21

22. Nov 2009
References
[1] A Planar Spiral Antenna of Multi-Tabs for Wireless Power
Transmission of Inductive Coupling
[2] DOC : IEEE ban
[3] Coil Capacitor Circuit Design of a Transcuteneous
Energy Transmission System to Deliver Stable Electric
Power
[4] Wireless Energy Transfer Technology
Slide 22

23. Thank you for your attention!
Q & A. 23