1. The Enlightenment & Scientific Revolution

2. Age of Enlightenment
- aka (also known as)
Age of Reason
Enlightenment = rationality
ethics
knowledge
reform
Individuals & governments can solve problems.

3. Key Locations

4. The Scientific Revolution
Scholars and thinkers challenged religious ideas about the universe & the world.
Scientific Thought
Many scholars persecuted (imprisoned/executed) by the Church.

5. Scientific Thinkers Copernicus (Sun not earth at center of universe)
Galileo Galiliei (Telescope, New theories on space)
Issac Newton (Gravity)

6. Church Monarch The Enlightenment Autonomous Rational Individual Before
Dependent
Church
Monarch
Before
After

7. The Enlightenment
A period of new ideas thoughts on government, the individual, and society
Thomas Hobbes
Social Contract = People must give up some of their rights to a strong ruler
People are born evil

8. The Enlightenment John Locke People are born free & equal
Natural Rights (life, liberty, & property)
Government must protect these rights.
If government does not protect those rights, the people have right to rebel and make a new government.

9. The Enlightenment Montesquieu
Believed in the separation of power in government.
Should have checks and balances so one person or group should not have all the power.

10. The Enlightenment Jacques Rousseau
People are born good but society corrupts them.
“Man is born free, but he is everywhere in chains.”
All people should participate in making the laws for the common good.

11. The Enlightenment Mary Wollstonecraft
Equal rights for women / education
By raising children, women are an essential part of any nation and should be educated properly.
Women can think rationally not just be emotional.

12. The Enlightenment Voltaire Separation of Church & State.
Freedom of thought & expression (Free Speech).
“I disagree with what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it”

13. Key Question
How are the Enlightenment Ideas used in today’s world?