1. Major Participants, Where They Were, and What They Did
AGE OF
EXPLORATION
Major Participants, Where They Were, and What They Did

2. Nation: Portugal
Where: Europe-Africa-Asia-Brazil
Who/When:
1. Prince Henry the Navigator --- est. school at Sagres; promoted
exploration
2. Diaz (1487) -- sailed to Cape of Good Hope
3. DaGama (1497) -- 1st to sail the all water route from Europe
to India
4. Cabral (1500) -- claimed Brazil for Portugal
What To Remember:
1. Earliest leader in Age of Exploration
2. 1st to pioneer all water route from Europe to Asia (via Africa)
3. est. trading empire throughout the Indian Ocean area (1500s)

3. Nation: Spain
Where: southern U.S., Mexico, Central & South America (except Brazil)
Who/When:
1. Columbus (1492) --- discovers New World in Americas
2. de Leon (1513) --- gives Spain claim to Florida
3. Magellan (1519) st to circumnavigate the world
4. Cortes (1521) --- conquers Aztec Empire of Mexico
5. Pizarro (1532) --- defeats Incan Empire of Peru
6. Coronado (1540) --- explores American Southwest (Grand Canyon)

4. Nation: Spain (Cont.)
What To Remember:
1. 1st European country in the New World
2. Est. colonies in the Americas (not just trade empire)
3. Direct European rule & encomienda system
4. Est. vast New World Empire (New Spain & New Mexico);
stretched from southern US down through South America
5. Most powerful nation in world in 1500s

5. Nation: France
Where: eastern Canada, Great Lakes, Midwestern US
Who/ When:
1. J. Cartier (1534) --- St. Lawrence River; est. Montreal
2. S. de Champlain (1608) --- est. Quebec (center of New France)
3. J. Marquette & L. Jolliet (1673) --- explored Great Lakes & upper Miss. River regions
4. R. de LaSalle (1682) --- lower Miss. River; claims for France (Louisiana)
What To Remember:
1. Vast empire but few settlers
2. Fur trade led to less intrusive type of invasion
3. Good relations with Native Americans

6. King Louis XIV and French Exploration of the New World

7. Exploration of Cartier

8. Marquette & Jolliet

9. LaSalle Early Voyagas

10. LaSalle’s last voyage

11. Nation: England
Where: Atlantic Coast of US
Who/ When:
1. Jamestown (1607) --- 1st permanent English colony in America (Virginia)
2. Plymouth (1620) --- Pilgrims est. for religious freedom
3. Mass. Bay (1630) --- Puritans est. colony that grows into Mass.

12. Jamestown

13. Plymouth

14. Mass. Bay Colony

15. Lost colony of Roanoke (Sir Walter Raleigh)

16. Nation: England (Cont.)
What To Remember:
1. English est. colonies & sent settlers
2. Allowed great freedom to its colonists (encouraged growth)
3. Compact empire
4. Poor relations with Native Americans
*Powhatan War (1622) --- Virginia
* Pequot War (1640s) --- Conn.
* King Philip’s War (1675) --- Mass.

17. Nation: Netherlands (Cont.)
Where: Mid-Atlantic area of US, Indian Ocean (1600s)
Who/ When:
1. Henry Hudson (1609) --- discovers Hudson River and claims New York/ New Jersey area for Dutch
What To Remember:
1. est. settlement at New Netherland
2. created a “wedge” between English colonies (North to South)
3. taken over by English in 1664

18. Hudson’s First Expedition