1. MORPHOLOGY

2. MORPHEMES Happy Happily Unhappily Dogcatcher Dogcatchers Happy (1)

3. Morphology = the study of the structure and classification of words and the units that make up words.
Morphemes are the smallest units of meaning. The morpheme cannot be broken down into more meaningful units: friends = friend + plural (he) walks = walk + present tense singular –s rewrite = repetition + write

4. A free morpheme is a meaningful grammatical unit that can stand alone (friend in friends), (love in lovely).
A bound morpheme is a meaningful grammatical unit that cannot stand alone (–s in friends, -ly in lovely).

5. FREE AND BOUND MORPHEMES
lexical
functional
bound
Derivational
inflectional

6. MORPHEMES FREE lexical functional Eat if Finger she Pretty on Bird and
BOUND Derivational inflectional (happi)ly (bird)s Re(write) (eat)ing Un(happy) (walk)ed (govern)ment (cheap)er Inflectional morphemes: girl’s, girls, walks, walked, walking, taken, smaller, smallest

7. AFFIXES AND STEMS
Prefix stem suffix apples: apple s ex-wife’s: ex wife ‘s unfriendly: un friend ly Disagree: dis agree

8. Free morphemes function as stems,
bound morphemes as affixes (ie. prefixes or suffixes)
However, there are also bound stems:
vision, visible, visibility < visi?

9. Allomorphs: different realisations of the same meaning, eg different plural markers;
Cat + s cats /s/
Peas + s peas /z/
Bus + es buses /iz/
Sheep + /Ø/ sheep /Ø/

10. Use the correct prefix to form the opposite of
Approve
Bug
Expensive
Happy
Logical
Possible

11. Suffixes which form abstract nouns:
- dom freedom
- hood childhood
- ment amazement
- ness worthiness
- ship kinship

12. Suffixes which form concrete nouns:
- ant contestant
- ee employee
- eer pioneer
- ist royalist
- or survivor

13. What ford formation processes are the following words a result of?
moped
babysit
sunlight
d. movement
e. to dirty
f. chunnel

14. What ford formation processes are the following words a result of?
housekeep
prof
Dinky
galumph
WASP
boyhood

15. What kind of morphemes do these words contain?
textbook
kindness
blackbird
actor
but
buses
refusal
smallish their meetings yearly asked took unbelievably