1. Do Now
Please hand in your outlines into the bin. Make sure your name is at the top.
Then answer:
Why is it important to living organisms that nutrients cycle?
What would happen if matter bound in living matter was never recycled?

2. Cycles Biogeochemical cycle- exchange of matter through the biosphere.
Energy is transformed into usable forms
Cycling of nutrients in the biosphere involves:
Matter in living organisms
Physical processes found in the environment
Ex. weathering

3. Water cycle
What processes are involved?

4. Water Cycle Water in the atmosphere is called water vapor.
Water vapor rises, cools, and condenses into droplets:(Condensation)
Water falls from the clouds as rain, sleet, or hail (Precipitation)
Ground water and runoff from land surfaces flow into streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans.
This will evaporates into the atmosphere (Evaporatation)
90% evaporates from oceans, lakes and rivers.
10% evaporates from surface of plants (Transpiration)

5. Water cycle

6. Do Now Please take out your homework, and place it on your desk.
Then start to review your notes on the carbon cycle

7. Carbon cycle
Carbon enters the atmosphere as Carbon Dioxide (CO2) from respiration (breathing) and combustion (burning like fossil fuels, volcanoes, etc.)

8. Balance this…..
What is this? 6 6 6
C6H12O O CO H ATP

9. These producers then put off oxygen as a byproduct!
Carbon cycle
Carbon dioxide is absorbed by producers to make carbohydrates in photosynthesis .
These producers then put off oxygen as a byproduct!

10. What is the opposite of this?
Oxygen is a byproduct
Glucose is the overall GOAL!!! 6 6 6
C6H12O O CO H20 + ATP
Do plants also do respiration?

11. What type of Metabolism?
Cellular respiration —organic molecules are broken down to release energy for use by the cell
-type of process:
Photosynthesis —light energy from the Sun is converted to chemical energy for use by the cell
-Type of Process:

12. Carbon cycle
Animals feed on the plants. Thus passing the carbon compounds along the food chain.
Most of the carbon these animals consume, however, is exhaled as carbon dioxide. 
The animals and plants then eventually die.

13. Carbon cycle The dead organisms are eaten by decomposers.
The carbon that was in their bodies is then returned to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
In some circumstances the process of decomposition is prevented.
The decomposed plants and animals may then be available as fossil fuel in the future for combustion. 

14. Carbon Cycle

15. Carbon Cycle: Why do we need it?!
Animals produce carbon dioxide
Producers absorb that and release oxygen as a byproduct which is what we need for survival.
Oxygen is then used in respiration to help make energy!!

16. Do Now – Label the area this happens
1. Photosynthesis Cholorplast
2. Cellular respiration Mitochondria
3. Glucose Carbon dioxide
4. Oxygen

17. Do Now
What is the composition of the air we breathe?

18. What is Nitrogen? Nitrogen (N)- Element needed to make proteins
Can exist as a gas (N2)
Bounds to make other compounds
Consumers get nitrogen by eating plants or animals that contain nitrogen

19. How does it get into our bodies? How is nitrogen used in our bodies?
2 ways……
How does it get into our bodies?
How is nitrogen used in our bodies?
DNA contains nitrogen
(A, T, C, G) called….
Nitrogen bases
Muscle (meat) is protein…. Made of nitrogen-containing amino acids

20. Nitrogen Fixation
Nitrogen in the air (N2) is changed into a useable form for plants into ammonia, or nitrates

21. 3 ways Nitrogen Fixation occurs……
1) Lightning – splits the N2 in the air – forms new nitrogen compounds

22. Nitrogen Fixation
2) Nitrogen-fixing bacteria on the roots of legumes

23. Nitrogen Fixation
3) Synthetic Fertilizers

24. Nitrification
Nitrogen in the soil (or water) is changed from ammonia/ammonium to nitrites then into nitrates by nitrifying bacteria
Plants love Nitrates!

25. Denitrification
Nitrogen in the soil/water is returned to the atmosphere (N2) by denitrifying bacteria

26. Decomposition & Excretion
Nitrogen in an organism is returned to the soil by….
1) Decomposition

27. Decomposition & Excretion
2) Excretion – urine & feces (NH₃)

28. Ammonification
Microorganisms and decomposers converts nitrogen to ammonia (NH₃)
Usually comes from animal waste
Performed by bacteria

29. Fertilizers help add nitrogen to the soil when applied to lawns, crops, or other areas.

30. Nitrogen Fixation 30

31. Do Now: Nitrogen Quiz