1. Biomolecules
You are what you eat!

2. Carbohydrates aka…
Sources
Sugar
Starch
Carbs

3. Structure
Elements
Made up of
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
C H O

4. Monosaccharide Structure Monomer Simple sugars Glucose fructose Sugar
One
Sugar

5. Structure
Polymer
Complex carbs
Starches
cellulose
Polysaccharide
Many

6. Function Provide QUICK energy to the body!
Provides structure for plant cellulose

7. What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer?
Talk to your partner
What is the difference between a monomer and a polymer?

9. How are monomers and polymers combined and broken apart?
Dehydration Synthesis
Combining single compounds into a complex one by removing water
monosaccharide + monosaccharide ----> disaccharide + water
C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 ----> C12H22O11 + H2O
(Process forms disaccharides & polysaccharides)

10. disaccharide + H2O ---> monosaccharide + monosaccharide
Hydrolysis
Hydrolysis
Addition of WATER to a compound SPLITS it
disaccharide + H2O ---> monosaccharide + monosaccharide
C12H22O11 + H2O ---> C6H12O6 + C6H12O6

11. Discuss am example of when you would need carbohydrates
Talk to your partner
Discuss am example of when you would need carbohydrates

12. LIPIDS
Fats, oils, waxes, steroids

13. LIPIDS Structure Elements Made up of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
C H O

14. LOOK FOR THE “E”
Monomer:
3 fatty acids + glycerol

15. LIPIDS Function Made mainly of carbon and hydrogen (few oxygen)
Fat best method of STORING
forms cell membranes
Insulates nerve cells (myelin)
Insulates body (maintains homeostasis)

16. Proteins aka….
Whey Protein
Meat
Polypeptide
Peanut butter

17. Proteins Structure Elements Made up of
Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen, Nitrogen
C H O N

18. Proteins Structure Monomer Amino acids there are twenty one
Amino acids in humans
That combine to make
every protein we need

19. Proteins Structure Polymer Polypeptides Proteins enzymes Polypeptide
(peptide means bond)

20. Think-pair-share
What are some of differences between the structures of Carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins?

21. Function of Proteins Provides us with building blocks for life!
Also regulate most functions in a cell.
Glycoproteins (antigens)
Combines w/DNA to form chromosomes
Turns genes on and off
Antibodies (fights disease)

22. Function of Proteins Provides structure & strength (fibers)
Transports molecules in & out cells
Hemoglobin (transports O2)
Enzymes (speeds up rxns)- has –ase suffix
Acts as hormones (insulin)- many proteins have suffix of -in

23. Nucleic AcidsStructure
Elements
Made up of
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen,
And Phosphorus
C H O N P

24. Nucleic AcidsStructure
Monomer
NUCLEOTIDES
5 types
Cytosine
Guanine
Adenine
Thymine (in DNA only)
Uracil (in RNA only)

25. Nucleic Acids Nucleotides consist of 3 parts: 1. 5-Carbon Sugar
2. Phosphate Group
3. Nitrogenous Base

26. Nucleic AcidsStructure
polymer
DNA and RNA

27. Function Nucleic Acids
contains the genetic code
stores & transmit heredity/genetic information

28. Concept Map Carbon Compounds Section 2-3 include that consist of
which contain
which contain
which contain
which contain

29. Concept Map Carbon Compounds Carbohydrates Lipids Nucleic acids
Section 2-3
Carbon
Compounds
include
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
that consist of
that consist of
that consist of
that consist of
Sugars and
starches
Fats and oils
Nucleotides
Amino Acids
which contain
which contain
which contain
which contain
Carbon,
hydrogen,
oxygen
Carbon,hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen,
phosphorus
hydrogen,oxygen,
nitrogen,

30. What biomolecule does Bread have the most of?

31. What biomolecule does Butter have the most of?

32. What biomolecule does Meat have the most of?

33. Jot down your thoughts
Which biomolecule will not be listed on a food label? Why?