1. Monday, October 10
In your ISN, explain why adaptation is important. Then, write at least one detailed example of how people in our modern time demonstrate adaptation.

2. Plains Culture
Tonkawa
Apaches
Comanche
Kiowa

3. Tonkawa Friendly Buffalo was main source of
food and as well as materials
for making clothes and tools.

4. Tonkawa
Lived in Tepee made from Buffalo hide.
Over time, the Apaches and Comanches pushed the Tonkawas east, where buffalo were scarce.
They then became gatherers and small game hunters.

5. Six tribes with a common language = Two were important to Texas.
Apache
Apaches
Six tribes with a common language = Two were important to Texas.
Lipan Apaches
Hunted buffalo in winter
Farmed in the summer
Rode horses
Bands elected chiefs
Mescalero Apaches
Hunter-gatherers in New Mexico
Harvested food and drink from mescal cactus

7. Comanche First appeared in northern New Mexico and the
Texas Panhandle in early
1700’s.
Nomads
Relied on buffalo
for food, clothing,
and shelter

8. Well known for their use of horses
Warlike tribe, feared by many on the plains

9. Kiowa Arrived in Texas after 1832
and settled in the northern part of the Panhandle.
After years of fighting became allies with Comanches
Nomads and buffalo hunters.
The Sun Dance was an important religious ceremony

11. Puebloan Culture
Jumano
Tiguas
Jornada

12. Jumano
The Jumanos established villages between the Pecos River and the Rio Grande.
Lived in Pueblos
traded with many of the Plains Indians.
among the first Texas Indians to have horses.
Jumanos were called the “striped people” because they painted horizontal stripes on their faces.
The Apaches ended the Jumanos’ trade and drove them toward the Rio Grande.

13. Jumano

14. Tigua
They settled along the Rio Grande at a place called Ysleta. Ysleta was the first permanent town in Texas.
Tiguas farmed and hunted small game.
They made pottery from clay.
Ysleta had a kiva, a large room used for meeting and religious ceremonies.
The Tigua adopted the Catholic religion, which they blended with their own religious practices.

15. Ysleta
Kiva

16. Jornada Little known tribe located in West Texas and Chihuahua Mexico
Ancient tribe descendent from Mogollon Peoples who lived in this area from about AD 300 to AD 1300

17. Part of the cliff dwelling culture common in the Chihuahua region
End of Notes