1. II. Road to Fort Sumter part I
Power & Compromise

2. A. Fighting Wars Reasons for War: Political Protect Interests
Defend Territory
Moral (Good vs. Evil)
Civil War: A war between two sections of the same group with differing views

3. B. Slavery & Balance of Power
There was a struggle to gain power in the House
Seats were apportioned by population
Population boom:
Immigration begins to affect house seating
3 million immigrants came to America
90% of immigrants settled in non-slave states
As a result, the South loses the House
The Senate becomes the focal point for the South
Each state has 2 reps
Race to establish new states
Each side struggled to dictate the agenda
North: Progress & Prosperity
South: Economic Stability

4. C. Missouri Compromise (1820)
Missouri petitions for admission in 1818
Current makeup of the US is 22 states (11 each)
Congress alternated admission of states to maintain balance
The petition produced a stalemate in congress for a year
1819: Maine breaks away from Massachusetts & petitions for admission as a free state
Terms of the Compromise
Missouri enters as a slave state
Maine enters as a free state
36°30’ line is established to restrict the Louisiana purchase

6. Reactions North: South: Overall satisfied Maintained balance
Restricted slavery
South:
Initial excitement
Soon realized the effect of the 36°30’line

7. D. Mexican War ( )
Pres. James K. Polk gains more territory for the US than any other president except Jefferson
War would serve as a training ground for officers & soldiers of the Civil War
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
Acquired 5 new territories
CA, NM, NV, UT, AZ
Wilmot Proviso
Slavery would not be permitted in the new territories
Proviso did not pass the Senate

8. E. Compromise of 1850 Settlers begin pouring into California (1849)
Gold Rush
Disunion in the South
Saving the Union was a product of genius
Daniel Webster (MA)
Henry Clay (KY)
John C. Calhoun (SC)

9. F. Terms of the Compromise
California enters as free state
Allow Utah and Nevada to determine for themselves how they would enter
Fugitive Slave Act 1850
Placed responsibility on the Federal Government
Slaves could not be brought into Washington DC to be bought or sold
Compromise turned out to be a quick fix & added fuel to the fire

10. G. Reactions Northern: Southern:
Mixed emotions
Gained control of the Senate
Not happy about the Fugitive Slave Act
Southern:
Not happy
FSA appeases them for now
This is the last of the great compromises to help prevent war
The “Great Compromisers” die

11. H. Uncle Tom’s Cabin Harriet Beecher Stowe Published in 1852
Grew up in Cincinnati on banks of the Ohio R.
Published in 1852
Sold over 300,000 copies in first year
Spoke against evils of slavery & presented it as immoral
Also titled “Life Among the Lowly”

12. Reactions North: South: Outraged at evils of slavery
Abolitionist movement grew vastly
South:
Outraged at the book
Thought book was inaccurate and hypocritical
Banned the book