1. The Peopling of the World
Chapter 1 (p. 2-25)

2. Paleolithic Age Old Stone Age 2.5 million – 8000 BC
Major Achievements:
Invention of Tools
Mastery over Fire
Development of Language

3. Neolithic Age New Stone Age 8,000 BCE- 3,000 BCE Achievements:
Polished stone tools
Pottery
Agriculture
Domestication of Animals

4. Human Origins
Origins: Africa, 200,000 years ago Out of Africa Theory: Homo sapiens left Africa about 60,000 years ago

5. MIGRATIONS ANIMATED

6. Technology
Ways of applying knowledge, tools, & inventions to meet needs

7. Culture A people’s unique way of life Includes: Culture is LEARNED
Common practices
Shared understandings
Social organization
Culture is LEARNED

8. Nomadic Hunter-Gatherers
Highly mobile people who moved from place to place searching for sources of foods
Highly egalitarian (equal) society

9. Neolithic Revolution Agricultural Revolution
Shift from food-gathering to food producing societies
One of the great breakthroughs in human history

10. Domestication of Animals
Taming
Pastoral Nomads- Wandering herders
Some societies still exist today

11. Farming Develops
Africa (Nile River Valley)- wheat, barley, other crops
China (Yellow River or Huang He)- millet, later wild rice
Mexico & Central America- Corn, beans, squash
Peru- Tomatoes, sweet potatoes, white potatoes

13. Civilization A complex culture with 5 characteristics Advanced Cities
Specialized Workers
Complex Institutions
Record Keeping
Advanced Technology

14. Specialized Workers
Specialization- the development of skills in a specific kind of work
Artisans- Skilled workers who made goods by hand
Made possible because of FOOD SURPLUSES
Contributes to social stratification (class systems)

15. Complex Institutions
Institution- A long-lasting pattern of organization in a community
Government
Religion
Economy

16. Record Keeping Necessary as societies become more complex
Tax collections
Laws
Calendar
Accounts
Leads to development of writing
Cuneiform

17. Improved Technology
Bronze Age -the time when people begin to use bronze, rather than copper or stone, to make tools & weapons
Begins in Sumer (Mesopotamia) around 3,000 BCE
Beginning dates vary in other parts of the world