Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Presentation is loading. Please wait.

Chapter 5 Creating a Buffer Colony

Published byHector Booth Modified over 6 years ago

Similar presentations

Presentation on theme: "Chapter 5 Creating a Buffer Colony"— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 5 Creating a Buffer Colony
GPS: Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe, the charter of 1732, the reasons for settlement (charity, economics, defense), Tomochichi, Mary Musgrove, and the city of Savannah. Essential Question: How was the founding/evolution of the Georgia colony unique?

2 Reasons for the Colony Threats from Spanish
Spanish encourage Native Americans to attack Charles Town Fort King George built to protect Carolina border; abandoned 1728 What other countries do you think the Carolinas need protection from?

3 Hard Times in England James Edward Oglethorpe -member, British Parliament England overcrowded, people unable to pay debts imprisoned (Robert Castill) Oglethorpe favors prison reform, wants debtors’ colony -give debtors fresh start, colony could sell materials to England and protect Charles Town Why do you think Oglethorpe favored prison reform?

4 The Creation of Georgia
Oglethorpe, 20 other prominent men— trustees-draft charter in 1730 Propose colony name “Georgia” after King George II; three purposes of GA colony: 1-charitable: relief for debtors, “worthy poor” 2-economic: self-supporting, providing cheap resources for England 3-defensive: protective barrier between Florida-Charles Town King signs charter, grants lands southwest of Carolina, June 9, 1732 Which purpose do you think the king is most concerned about?

5 The Creation of Georgia
Colonists offered free passage, 50 acres, 1 year support for family 500 acres tax-free for 10 years for those who can pay passage Many “worthy poor” —artisans, businessmen —apply instead of debtors “Resident Trustee” Oglethorpe pays own way, leads colony 2shillings ? shillings 50 acres acres How many shillings would a person pay if they owned 500 acres? How much money would they save over a ten year tax free period?

6 New Rules for a New Colony
Trustees cannot own land in Georgia, do not make profit All colonists get same amount of land so social classes do not form Hard liquor, slavery, Catholics, and lawyers not allowed Land cannot be sold or borrowed against; only men can inherit Why do you think the trustees do not want social classes to form?

7 Sailing to Georgia Ship Ann sets sail November 17, 1732, with 115 passengers Two months to cross Atlantic; travel conditions poor Oglethorpe meets with Royal Governor of South Carolina -wants protection from Spanish and Yamasee Indians What kind of problems might occur in during the voyage that might cause someone to get sick or die?

8 Review What was the name of the fort built on the Altamaha River to protect Charles Town? This man is credited with the founding of Georgia. Prominent, trustworthy men who helped draft the charter for Georgia are called ________.

9 Review Georgia was to be founded as a _____ colony
Three reasons for the founding of Georgia were _______, ______ and ________. People who could pay their passage were given ____ acres of land.

10 Review Many “___ ___” applied to be colonists instead of debtors.
Georgia is named after ____ ___ __. 9. A trustee who lived in the Georgia colony was called a _______ __________. 10. James Oglethorpe and the colonists came to Georgia on the ship ______.

11 Establishing the Colony
Yamacraw Bluff —spot near Savannah River chosen for colony -becomes town of Savannah John and Mary Musgrove own trading post near Yamacraw John: son of Colonel John Musgrove of South Carolina Mary: born “Cousaponakeesa” to white trader and Creek Indian Musgroves have a trade monopoly with the Yamacraw, Charlestown colonist.

12 Chief Tomochichi Tomochichi is chief of Yamacraw; part of Creek Confederacy Musgroves help Oglethorpe negotiate treaty with Tomochichi Georgia guard prepares area, colonists arrive February 1, 1733 Tomochichi lived into his late 90’s and a large granite stone commemorating his life was placed near his burial site in Savannah

13 Negotiating with the Creek
Oglethorpe meets with Creek chiefs to establish peace After three days, Treaty of Savannah signed: 1-colonists receive land, prices set for trade 2-Creek will return escaped slaves to South Carolina 3-promise that colonists will not take other Creek lands

14 Continued help from friends
Musgroves translate, negotiate between colonists and natives Allow Oglethorpe to use employees as assistants Oglethorpe takes Musgroves, Tomochichi to England in 1734 Tomochichi impressed by King, trustees; Creek, English ally Oglethorpe and Creek chiefs sign Treaty of Coweta in 1739 -chiefs vow loyalty to George II, reconfirm land grant

15 Questions Three reasons for the founding of Georgia were _______, ______ and ________. The chief of the Yamacraw was _________. This man is credited with the founding of Georgia.

16 Questions 4. ____ ____ was a spot near Savannah River chosen for colony, later became Savannah. 5. The ____ __ _____ was an agreement between the Creek and the colonists, Creek gave land and agreed to take slaves back to S. Carolina. 6. These people owned a trading post and acted as translators between the Creek and the colonists.

17 Questions 7. Musgroves have trade _______ with the Yamacraw and Charles Town colonists. 8. ____ was born “Cousaponakeesa” to a white trader and Creek Indian 9. Lawyers, slaves, Catholics and ____ were not allowed in Georgia. 10. In the _____ ___ _____ the chiefs vow loyalty to George II, reconfirm land grant.

18 Establishing Savannah
Colonists work as group and build palisade—strong wooden wall of defense around compound Savannah layout based on Azilia design Four district with open public square in each -public buildings in each corner, house lots surround square Fort Argyle along Ogeechee River first of 7 forts to protect Savannah Scots Highlanders build fort near Altamaha River, February 1736 -name area Darien, name town New Inverness

19 More residents for the Colony
Settlers continue to arrive, including three religious groups: -Moravians—Protestants from Czechoslovakia -Salzburgers—Austrian, near German border -Jews from Portugal—initially, trustees prohibited Jewish settlers All groups had been persecuted in original countries

20 Religion in the Colonies
Trustees afraid Catholic settlers may ally with Spanish in Florida Oglethorpe brings ministers, two brothers, in 1736 John Wesley —founds Methodist movement Charles Wesley —Oglethorpe’s secretary, chaplain at Fort Frederica George Whitefield comes on later trip; founds Bethesda Home for Boys

21 Augusta Founded Communications between Savannah, Charles Town begins October 1734 Secure settlement between towns needed as trade grows Oglethorpe completes way station north of Savannah, June 1736 -names site Augusta in honor of Princess Augusta of Wales

22 Discontent Among the Colonists
Land Trustees won’t trade poor land for better land Difficult to grow crops requested by England Colonists cannot sell, trade land; women can’t inherit Slaves Farmers able to grow rice, indigo, but crops are labor-intensive Envy profitability of South Carolina crops using slave labor Rum Banned, available in other colonies; item of trade with Native Americans

23 Hardships take toll Colonists are unprepared for life in new colony
Soil, climate wrong for intended crops Trustees mock complainers; some colonists leave for South Carolina

24 Questions ________—strong wooden wall of defense around a compound.
What was the first of 7 forts built to protect Savannah? Who was Oglethorpe’s secretary and chaplain at Fort Frederica? ________ was named after Princess Augusta of Wales. Colonists cannot sell or _____ land.

25 Questions 6. Augusta began as a _____ station town. Three religious groups that arrive near Savannah are the Moravians, Salzburgers, and the _______. ___ _____ founded the Methodists Movement. Colonists who disagree with rules of the new colony move to ____ _______. _____ is used as a major trade item with the Indians.

26 Defending the New Colony
William Stephens arrives in 1736 to assist Oglethorpe Georgia divided into two counties. Stephens in charge of Savannah, Oglethorpe in charge of Frederica War of Jenkins’ Ear; Spanish guard cut off British officer’s ear; Britain declares war on Spain,1739

27 European conflict carried to the colonies
Oglethorpe invades Florida in 1740, aided by Native American allies Spanish reinforcements arrive, Georgians retreat to Fort St. Simons Minor fighting for two years, Spanish take Fort St. Simons in 1742 Oglethorpe evacuates, Spanish take fort

28 Spain is turned back Oglethorpe greatly outnumbered—650 to 2,000—but must defeat Spanish Two small units ambush Spanish on march to Fort Frederica Ambush—the Battle of Bloody Marsh — takes less than hour Spanish retreat to St. Augustine three days later England’s claim on Georgia land is now undisputed

29 Changes in Leadership Despite victory, trustees and settlers unhappy with Oglethorpe who returns to England. William Stephens new leader

30 Questions In 1741 Georgia was divided into two counties Savannah and _______ The first British fort that Spanish capture is __ _____. The ___ of ______ ___ was fought between England and Spain. Oglethorpe is in charge of ______ after Georgia is split into two counties. Before the Battle of Bloody Marsh, the Spanish were on their way to what fort?

31 Bonus Questions (5 pts. each)
The ____ of _____ _____ was a British ambush on Spanish soldiers. ______ ______ arrives in 1736 to assist Oglethorpe.

32 Changing the Rules Land
50-acre rule frustrates colonists, they want larger farms Land limit increased to 2,000 acres, women may now inherit property Rum Rum drinking, sale allowed in 1742; valuable for trading with natives Slavery Some colonists asking for slavery since colony’s start Slavery legalized in 1751; Scots Highlanders and Salzburgers oppose

33 Becoming a Royal Colony
Trustees return colony to king in 1752 a year before charter expires George II names John Reynolds first royal governor (1754) Royal government: governor, 12-man council, legislature -council advises governor: forms Assembly’s Upper House, Court of Error -19 colonists elected to Commons House of Assembly, later 25

34 The Assembly takes Action
First assembly meets on January 7, 1755 Reorganizes militia, funds roads, bridges; creates paper bills of credit Establishes list of 10 crimes punishable by death Approves first slave code—basis for all future Georgia slavery laws

35 A change of governors Reynolds disliked; tries to move capital, refuses advice from council Henry Ellis replaces him, 1758; inherits weak, infighting colony Restores colony in three years; is well-liked, respected -reforms government, divides Georgia into parishes, settles land claims -keeps Creek neutral during French and Indian War Resigns in early 1761, Lieutenant Governor James Wright replaces him

36 A voice in government Colonists Have Voice in Government
Commons House of Assembly gave colonists political voice Forming Parishes Georgia divided into 8 districts—parishes— similar to modern counties -primarily for organization; religious, military bodies -members pay tax for church, poor England has hands-off policy—“salutary neglect”—toward colonies Colonists handle their own problems, Parliament’s laws rarely enforced

Download ppt "Chapter 5 Creating a Buffer Colony"

Similar presentations

Ch. 5 Creating Georgia.

Ch. 5 Creating Georgia.
HISTORY OF COLONIZATION OF GA 2-COLUMN NOTES. COLONIES BEFORE GEORGIA o Left hand side: o England had settled 12 colonies. o “Carolina” was founded in.

HISTORY OF COLONIZATION OF GA 2-COLUMN NOTES. COLONIES BEFORE GEORGIA o Left hand side: o England had settled 12 colonies. o “Carolina” was founded in.
The Founding of Georgia

The Founding of Georgia
Colonial Georgia SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. a. Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe, the Charter of.

Colonial Georgia SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. a. Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe, the Charter of.
Chapter 5 Trustee Georgia

Chapter 5 Trustee Georgia
© 2005 Clairmont Press Georgia and the American Experience Chapter 4: 1477-1752 Settlement of the Thirteenth Colony Part 2 Study Presentation.

© 2005 Clairmont Press Georgia and the American Experience Chapter 4: Settlement of the Thirteenth Colony Part 2 Study Presentation.
Georgia Studies Unit 2: Exploration and Georgia Colonization

Georgia Studies Unit 2: Exploration and Georgia Colonization
Colonial Georgia Review

Colonial Georgia Review
GEORGIA – BRITAIN’S 13 TH COLONY. An New Colony A new English colony south of the Savannah River would be a buffer to protect the Carolinas from the French,

GEORGIA – BRITAIN’S 13 TH COLONY. An New Colony A new English colony south of the Savannah River would be a buffer to protect the Carolinas from the French,
Settlement of the 13 th Colony Adapted from Georgia and the American Experience, 2005.

Settlement of the 13 th Colony Adapted from Georgia and the American Experience, 2005.
Problems arising moving to a Royal Colony. Discontent Among the Colonists Complain about trustee rules Land – Upset could not sell or lease land – Poor.

Problems arising moving to a Royal Colony. Discontent Among the Colonists Complain about trustee rules Land – Upset could not sell or lease land – Poor.
COLONIZATION SS8H2 – The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history.

COLONIZATION SS8H2 – The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history.
Colonizing the Americas: Trustee Colony. Sailing to Georgia Oglethorpe interviewed hundreds of people and chose 35 families to take. They sailed on the.

Colonizing the Americas: Trustee Colony. Sailing to Georgia Oglethorpe interviewed hundreds of people and chose 35 families to take. They sailed on the.
Rich to Poor CarsVacationsFoodMoney CarsVacationsFoodMoney Bill Driver EuropeChief/MaidGive it a Gates other countriesaway Middle BMW, Lexus Large City,

Rich to Poor CarsVacationsFoodMoney CarsVacationsFoodMoney Bill Driver EuropeChief/MaidGive it a Gates other countriesaway Middle BMW, Lexus Large City,
GEORGIA – BRITAIN’S 13 TH COLONY. The Founding of Georgia James Oglethorpe was the founder of the Georgia colony. King George II gave Oglethorpe the charter.

GEORGIA – BRITAIN’S 13 TH COLONY. The Founding of Georgia James Oglethorpe was the founder of the Georgia colony. King George II gave Oglethorpe the charter.
Founding of Georgia SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. A) Important people and reasons for settlement B) The Trustee.

Founding of Georgia SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. A) Important people and reasons for settlement B) The Trustee.
SS8H2 GEORGIA IN A “FLASH”. JAMES OGLETHORPE Born into a wealthy family A British soldier member of British Parliament Became an advocate for prison reform.

SS8H2 GEORGIA IN A “FLASH”. JAMES OGLETHORPE Born into a wealthy family A British soldier member of British Parliament Became an advocate for prison reform.
NEXT James Oglethorpe first meets the Yamacraw, 1736. Engraving, 19th century. Trustee Georgia 1730–1761 Georgia’s founders want a new colony different.

NEXT James Oglethorpe first meets the Yamacraw, Engraving, 19th century. Trustee Georgia 1730–1761 Georgia’s founders want a new colony different.
Georgia Studies Notes. James Edward Oglethorpe  Member of influential English family  Well educated & wealthy  In 1722, became a member of Parliament.

Georgia Studies Notes. James Edward Oglethorpe  Member of influential English family  Well educated & wealthy  In 1722, became a member of Parliament.
Unit 2 Lesson 3. SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. a. Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe, the Charter of.

Unit 2 Lesson 3. SS8H2 The student will analyze the colonial period of Georgia’s history. a. Explain the importance of James Oglethorpe, the Charter of.

Similar presentations

Ads by Google