1. Midterm Open-Ended Questions

2. Seven Elements of Culture
Social Organization
Arts and Literature
Customs and Traditions
Religion
Language
Forms of Government
Types of Economic Systems

3. Causes of cultural change
Technology
Changing environment
Diffusion
Trade
Imperialism
War
Modernization

4. Goals of Modernization
Political and economic policies developing nations established to assist with the modernization process
Political stability
Economic diversity
Increased literacy/education and training
Improved services

5. Problems/Obstacles of Modernization
Debt crisis
Population explosion
Poverty
Urbanization
Traditional way of life
Lack of education
Limited resources
Political instability
Conflict

6. Middle East: Traditional Patterns of Life
Nomadic
Village
City

7. Basic Beliefs Shared by Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
Fasting
Charity
Coming of Age
Dietary Laws
Monotheism
Prophethood
Golden Rule
Old Testament
Jerusalem Holy
Judgment Day
Heaven
Prayer

8. Five Pillars of Islam Declaration of Faith Prayer Charity Fasting
Pilgrimage

9. Strengths of the Ottoman Empire
Control of trade
Wealth from trade
Superior technology from diffusion
Flexible government

10. Ways the Europeans weakened the Ottomans
Discovering an all water route to Asia
Wealth from Americas
Industrial Revolution
Imperialism

11. Remaining Issues of the Arab-Israeli Conflict
Status of Jerusalem
Jewish settlements in West Bank
Palestinian Refugees
Palestinian Statehood (borders)
Israeli Security (Terrorism)

12. Effects of African Slave Trade
Loss of population
African Diaspora
Conflict with tribes
Abolition
Declined African traditional economy
Loss of culture
racism