1. Dictatorship versus Democracy
Year 13 English
2017
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2. What is Dictatorship?
Dictatorship is a form of government where a country is ruled by one person or political entity. This government is exercised through various strategies to ensure the entity's power remains strong.
In a dictatorship, politicians regulate nearly every aspect of the public and private behavior of normal people.
Dictatorships generally employ political propaganda to reduce the influence of people who present alternative governing systems.
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3. What is Democracy?
Democracy is a form of government in which all the people of a state are involved in making decisions about its affairs, typically by voting to elect representatives to a parliament or similar assembly.
Democracy involves the active participation of the people, as citizens, in politics and civic life.
Democracy supports the human rights of all citizens, and a rule of law, in which the laws and procedures apply equally to all citizens.
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4. The Origin of Dictatorship?
In the Roman Empire, a Roman dictator was the representative in the political office of the Roman Republic (509 BC - 27BC) who were given absolute power during times of emergency and rebellion. Only a single dictator was allowed, because of the great, extraordinary power with which he could over-rule, or remove from office, or put to death other individuals who also had political power.
The dictator couldn’t be held legally responsible for their actions and could not (in most cases) hold the position for longer than six months.
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5. The Origin of Democracy?
The earliest form of democracy can be seen in tribalism or primitive democracy. In this sense, democracy takes place in small communities or villages, usually when there is face-to-face discussion in the village council or a leader, with the backing of village elders or other cooperative forms of government.
The word “democracy” in Greek means: “rule by the people.” In the 4th century, recognised citizens of Athens assembled to decide on laws which were presented by a council (people picked by a lottery). These laws were voted on and established in Athens.
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6. Characteristics of a dictatorship
Absolute rule of one person or a very small group of people who hold all political power
Unilateral decisions are made that affect the country without consultation with any other branch of government
Dictators do not “title” themselves as so, but use ordinary titles such as president, emperor, great leader etc.
A cult of personality often surrounds a dictator to ensure their position is respected

7. Cult of personality
An individual uses mass media, propaganda, dialogue or symbolism to create an idealised, heroic or worshipful image of themselves. This “personality” ensures respect, allegiance and devotion from the targeted group of people.

8. Characteristics of a dictatorship…
Dictators often hold the highest military post; military is a main focus in a dictatorship.
The rights of the individual are reduced; industry is viewed to be for the good of the state over the good of the individual.
Dictators often present racialism; the country or state is seen as superior to other nations; its systems are superior to other governing systems.
Media is controlled by the government.

9. Characteristics of a democracy
Leader and government is decided by the citizens of the country or state; elected leader and government is representative of the “voice” of the people.
Citizens of country or state can be elected to govern/rule.
Majority rule establishes decision-making.
Human rights are upheld; the rights of the individual are considered for the good of the whole.

10. Characteristics of a democracy…
Freedom of speech, individual expression and independent media representation is encouraged.
Individual industry can be for individual profit.

11. Discussion groups
List the advantages of a dictatorship… List the disadvantages of a dictatorship
List the advantages of a democracy… List the disadvantages of a democracy

12. Dictatorship advantages
Laws, policies and other political changes can happen almost instantly; only one person has the authority to final decisions.
Lower crime rates because stricter punishments are given for even small acts of rebellion.
Efficient development of policies and systems; dictators clear goals progress without resistance.
Able to cope more efficiently in emergencies; with one person making decisions, emergency systems are used productively and quickly.
Strong sense of patriotism; strong sense of identity which results in national unity.

13. Dictatorship disadvantages
No accountability; when a decision negatively affects citizens, there is no authority within a dictatorship to intervene and correct systems.
A dictatorship regards their authority (and policies) as the end result and the citizens as the “means.” Individual rights are removed.
Subject to rebellion; despite the knowledge of consequences, citizens whose freedom is restricted tend to revolt to gain more freedom.
Citizens live in fear, which results in societal ignorance and lack of innovation from a country or region.

14. Dictatorship disadvantages
People are killed; enforced executions can occur outside of a fair justice system; human rights are breached with no consequences.
The dictator can use a country’s resources to serve their own interests; if their interests abuse resources then the country and its citizens can become poor and under-nourished.
Media’s influence over society is controlled; citizens are not given widespread, objective information to form their own judgments about the world.

15. Dictatorship disadvantages
Language is used to control people’s thinking. The inclusion and exclusion of select language defines citizens’ reality and behaviour.
Dictatorships remain in conflict with democratic countries (often because there is a breech of human rights); the threat of war is imminent.
Citizens can form negative views about countries and their citizens who do not follow similar policy.
Citizens work long hours for the benefit of the country’s progress.

16. Democracy advantages
Citizens have the ability to influence laws and policies through the election of representatives. Citizens can vote leaders out of power/responsibility if they are seen as unworthy to make decisions.
Human rights are regarded in decision-making.
Citizens have individual freedom to make decisions which gives a sense of personal and collective morale.
Individual profit can be attained with hard work.

17. Democracy advantages Equality is an important part of everyday life.
There is accountability in government decision-making; a parliament of representatives monitor the effective decision-making.
Promotes innovation and change; individual expression is encouraged.

18. Democracy disadvantages
Resources are wasted because of the time it takes to make decisions.
People can exercise their right not to vote, resulting in unfair representation of citizen’s views in government.
An emphasis is placed on quantity not quality; what is most effective for the masses is produced/put in place.