1. December 9, 2016 Objective: Journal:
Differentiate between stages of memory
Explain how a memory moves from sensory memory to long term memory
Figure out ways to improve memory
Journal:
If I gave you a list of 15 things to get from the grocery store, how many of them do you think you could remember without writing them down?
******Hand in your Brain Packet.

2. Memory

3. Memory: Key Terms
Memory: Active system that stores, organizes, alters, and recovers (retrieves) information
Encoding: Converting information into a useable form
Storage: Holding this information in memory
Retrieval: Taking memories out of storage

4. Stages of Memory
Sensory Memory
Short-Term Memory
Long-Term Memory

5. Sensory Memory
Sensory Memory: Storing an exact copy of incoming information for less than a second; the first stage of memory

6. Short-Term Memory (STM)
Short-Term Memory (STM): second stage of memory; stores small amounts of information briefly; very sensitive to interruption or interference
Memory Span: STM is limited to holding information bits at once

7. Storing Info in STM
Recoding: Reorganizing or modifying information in STM
Maintenance Rehearsal: Repeating information silently to prolong its presence in STM
Elaborative Rehearsal: Links new information with existing memories and knowledge in LTM; Good way to transfer STM information into LTM

8. Long-Term Memory (LTM)
Storing information relatively permanently
Stored on basis of meaning and importance

9. Types of Long-Term Memory
Explicit (declarative) memory (facts): factual knowledge & personal experiences
Semantic Memory: Impersonal facts and everyday knowledge
Episodic Memory: Personal experiences linked with specific times and places
Implicit (procedural) Memory (skills): Long-term memories of conditioned responses and learned skills, e.g., driving

10. Loss of Memory
Anterograde amnesia: the inability to form new explicit long-term memories for events following brain trauma or surgery. Explicit memories formed before are left intact. Cause possibly is damage to hippocampus
Retrograde amnesia: the disruption of memory for the past, especially espisodic memory. After brain trauma or surgery, there often is retrograde amnesia for events occurring just before.
Infantile/child amnesia: the inability as adults to remember events that occurred in our lives before about 3 years of age. Due possibly to fact that hippocampus is not fully developed.

11. Serial Position Effect
Recall: Direct retrieval of facts or information
Serial Position Effect:
Hardest to recall items in the middle of a list
Primacy effect: easier to remember items first in a list than items in the middle, because first items are studied the most
Recency effect: easier to remember items last in a list than items in the middle, because the last items were last studied

12. Serial Position Effect
Horse Cat Dog
Rabbit Penguin Pig
Bear Deer Cow
Gorilla