1. Principles of Flight
3-6 JAN 2017

2. Do Now JAN 17
Take out safety eyewear, notebook and Challenge aircraft
Fill-out a Aircraft Challenge competition form. Decide WHICH category you are competing in (choose one)
Standard TIME (ST)
Standard DISTANCE (SD)
Open TIME (OT)
Open DISTANCE (OD) COMPLETION
Make final adjustments or modifications

3. Aircraft Challenge Flight Competition Constraints and Restrictions
Thrust – limited to hand-launching, no mechanical assistance
Time aloft measured in seconds (0.0) from LAUNCH to FIRST contact with ground, wall, ceiling, or other FIXED object
Distance measured in meters (0.00) from LAUNCH to FIRST contact with ground, wall, ceiling, or other FIXED object
Safety eyewear MUST be worn during ALL flight testing
Flight Competition
Day Three

4. Clean-up All models and flight test materials put away
Floor and desktops free of debris
Chairs pushed-in

5. Do Now 4 JAN 17 Take out notebook
Pick up graded Flight Test 2 worksheets - put it into notebook
Pick up a new blank pink NOTES worksheet (NW)
Discuss with group – new roles (through next week)
Who is Leader, Data, Materials and Safety?
Mark your NW

6. Flight Test 2 – General Feedback
Follow instructions and guidelines – if unsure, ask.
Problem and Criteria match
Testing needs to match Criteria
How are you measuring “success” (Criteria)?
Does your test actually include that measurement?
Neatness counts…including handwriting

7. Mini-Lesson E: Drag
DRAG is one of the four Forces of Flight. It can be thought of as the opposite of THRUST, and is the result of friction between the solid surfaces of the aircraft and the fluid atmosphere (air)
Pitch – changes due to drag on the horizontal elevator
Yaw – changes due to drag on the vertical rudder
Roll – changes due to drag on the starboard (right) and port (left) ailerons

9. Clean-up All models and flight test materials put away
Return safety eyewear
Floor and desktops free of debris
Chairs pushed-in

10. Do Now 5 JAN 17 Take out notebook and yesterday’s Notes
Take out your “tumblewing” airfoil from yesterday
Make three practice drops
Record (sketch, draw) the average (typical) flight path of your “tumblewing”

11. Next… JAN 17
Answer the following question on your Notes page: How did the flight path of the “tumblewing” change when you added the ‘winglets’?
Pick up a colored pencil - CAREFULLY, shade the surfaces you think are responsible for the change in flight path
Answer the following question on your Notes page: How do the ‘winglets’ demonstrate the force of DRAG?

12. Mini-Lesson F: Gravity
GRAVITY is one of the four Forces of Flight. It can be thought of as the opposite of LIFT, and is the result of the attraction between any two solid objects (masses). In flight, gravity is between the Earth and the aircraft.
Gravity is determined by MASS (the amount of matter in an object) and DISTANCE between the centers of the two objects.
Gravity is “inversely proportional,” meaning it gets weaker the further away two objects are from each other.
In practical terms, GRAVITY can be measured in terms of “weight.”

13. Clean-up All models and flight test materials put away
Return safety eyewear
Floor and desktops free of debris
Chairs pushed-in

14. Do Now 6 JAN 17 Take out notebook and yesterday’s Notes
Take out your “tumblewing” airfoil AND the extra-large blank paper from yesterday
Manufacture a new “tumblewing.” Make the overall length 30 cm, the width 7.5 cm, and make each fold 1.5 cm
30 cm
7.5 cm
1.5 cm

15. Next… JAN 17
Using a class stopwatch (or a personal device) measure the flight time (0.0 sec) of each of your two “tumblewings.” Does the flight time of the “tumblewing” change when you increased the size?
The second “tumblewing” is 2.25x larger than the original (100 cm2 vs. 225 cm2). Assuming the mass also increased by the same proportion, does that affect how much it accelerated due to gravity?

16. Ultralight Flight (Thrust)
Mini-Lesson G: Thrust
THRUST is one of the four Forces of Flight, and can be thought of as the opposite of DRAG. Thrust is the mechanical force that moves an aircraft forward through the air, and generating the necessary movement of air across the airfoil
Thrust can be generated by one of several methods.
Propellers - spinning due to rotational energy)
Turbine or jet – controlled combustion that accelerates gases
Gravity* - used by gliders to convert potential energy into kinetic energy
Launcher* - simple machine to provide initial thrust
Ultralight Flight (Thrust)

17. Do Now – “Straight-as-an-Arrow” Launcher
Materials – Pick up a cardboard blank for each team member; rulers and scissors
Each person will have their own cardboard launcher
Notch cut in the leading edge
Mark one side with 1.0 cm intervals
Example

18. Clean-up All models and flight test materials put away
Return safety eyewear
Floor and desktops free of debris
Chairs pushed-in