1. Plasma Proteins
a prelude

2. Blood is a very important fluid
What is blood?
What does blood do?

3. Blood composition Cells 70 mL/kg of body weight
5 L (average) in an adult
Suspension of cells in a carrier fluid (plasma)
Cells - 45% by volume
Plasma - 55% by volume
Cells
Red cells (erythrocytes):
5x106/mL
White cells (leukocytes)
7x103/mL
Platelets (thrombocytes)
3x105/mL
Separation of plasma from cells?
White cells during infection, in a leukemic patient (defines the disease)

4. Blood - Functions Respiratory Nutrition Excretory
Transport O2 from lungs to tissues
Transport CO2 from tissues to lungs
Nutrition
Transport “food” from gut to tissues (cells)
Excretory
Transport waste from tissues to kidney (urea, uric acid, water)

5. Regulatory Body Temperature Protective Acid-base balance Coagulation
Water Content of Tissues
Water exchanged through vessel walls to tissue
Body Temperature
Protective
Antibodies, antitoxins, white blood cells (WBC)
Acid-base balance
pH 7.35~7.45, NaHCO3/H2CO3
Coagulation
Heat capacity - able to absorb a great deal of heat without much rise in temperature
Thermal conductivity - able to transport heat from deep in body to the periphery
Heat of vapourization - dissipates a great deal of heat per mole of water evaporated
3000 kcal/day corresponds to 32% rise in temperature if no heat is dissipated
or a 100% rise in temperature with other materials

6. PLASMA VS SERUM

7. Centrifuged Blood Sample
Add anticoagulants (heparin, potassium oxalate)
Centrifuged Blood Sample

8. Blood Composition

10. PLASMA COMPOSITION 90% water + ions + plasma proteins e.g.
(Albumin, globulin, Fibrinogen)
Same ionic composition as interstitial fluid.

11. Components of Plasma Blood plasma Consists of: Other components:
Water 90%
Plasma Proteins 6-8 %
Electrolytes (Na+ & Cl-) 1%
Other components:
Nutrients (e.g. Glucose and amino acids)
Hormones (e.g. Cortisol, thyroxine)
Wastes/metabolites (e.g.bilirubin,creatinine,Urea)
Blood gases (e.g. CO2, O2)
Enzymes
Lipids ( cholesterol, FA )

12. Plasma vs. serum Anticoagulated Clotted serum= plasma - fibrinogen
Plasma is the liquid, cell-free part of blood, that has been treated with anti-coagulants.
Serum is the liquid part of blood AFTER coagulation, therfore devoid of clotting factors as fibrinogen.
Anticoagulated
Clotted
serum= plasma - fibrinogen