1. Preparing Your Environment For All Things Wireless Angela Becker & Kris Keckler KUSD Mission: Provide excellent, challenging learning opportunities and experiences that prepare each student for success. February 28, 2017

2. KUSD Locations
Third Largest district in Wisconsin, serving 22,000+ students.
40 Sites (Schools and Support Centers)
21 elementary schools
5 middle schools
3 high schools
4 instrumentality charter schools
3 choice schools
1 specialty school
1 Head Start child development center
Rec and Senior Centers

3. KUSD Demographics White 49.8% Hispanic of any Race 28.4%
Black or African American 14.6%
Two or More Races 5.5%
Asian 1.4%
Students with Disabilities 12.0%
Economically Disadvantaged 50.3%

4. Technical Support Structure
Building support is divided into four regions based on geographical locations, mostly consisting of the following:
1 Large High School
1-2 Middle Schools
4-5 Elementary Schools
1 Choice (Charter)

5. Central Office Tech Support

6. District
Map

7. Fiber Overlay
In 2016, 10 Gb Dark fiber between 5 Core sites with 2 separate 1 Gb fiber connections to remote sites
Each remote site connects to 2 separate Core sites for redundancy
In 2017, moving to 20 Gb dark fiber between 5 Core sites with 10Gb fiber between remote sites (ring topology)
One dedicated 10 Gb fiber to disaster recovery site

8. 2017
RED = 20GB
BLUE = 10GB

9. Network Upgrades Environment July 2016 900+ switches 1,000+ APs
August 2017
600+ switches
2,200+ APs

10. Wireless History
Prior to 2010, had multiple vendor(s) wireless in only 5% of the buildings - all managed with individual controllers
Went to RFP in 2010, selecting Motorola
Started with a pair of RFS 7000’s (controller)
Moved to one central controller - VX9000 (VM) most recent upgrade, we can now support up to 5,000 access points
Installed 756 APs throughout the district - main focus was coverage
Most APs placed in hallways - typically one AP would cover 4 adjacent classrooms

11. Wireless History
Installed over 300 APs over the last 3 years (instructional classrooms)
Initial implementation due to the increase in online assessments and devices using wireless networks
Surveyed schools regarding preferred testing schedules and locations
Interdepartmental cooperation to finalize assessment plans

12. AP Models
AP 7502
AP 8131
AP 6532
AP 7131
AP 8432
VX central controller (VM)

13. Jeffery Example
Jeffery Elementary was the pilot school for classroom APs.
Student population - 345
Wireless device count - 351
Instructional Classrooms - 14
Average of 25 devices per classroom
Most devices are dedicated to the classrooms
2 mobile units that travel from room to room (library checkout)

15. High Density Improvements
After implementing classroom APs, noticeable improvement in testing environments
Increase in speeds
Eliminate loss of connectivity
Improvement in roaming
Login times are faster - significant improvement with Chromebooks 
Load balancing on the access points

16. Network Assessment
Worked with a third party to run a network assessment
Provided data to help organize and plan network upgrade
Gave accurate port counts, backbone from IDF to MDF
Gave information to dig deeper into what was actually on the network

17. E-Rate Applied for E-Rate funding and received approval
Category two funding
Went to RFP and chose Cisco and Zebra (Extreme)
Adding additional classroom access points (1,220+)
Replacing all of the network core/closet equipment
New switches have mGig technology – will help to improve bandwidth speeds between network closets as well as ac access points

18. Dealing with Community miss-conceptions

19. Getting the Most Value From Our Purchases
Proactively seek end user feedback
Quality monitoring of device usage, frequency
Building educational awareness of planned distribution/sharing environments
Regular collaboration and update meetings between the Information Services Department and the Instructional Technology staff (part of Teaching & Learning)
Provide a solid, stable environment
Past inconsistency killed desire to use technology
Multiple negatives if technology goes unused

20. How Multi-user MIMO Represents Significant Technology Advancements for Districts
Potential to support BYOD, no longer on the backs of unicorns
Student devices – phones- would be better supported on the AP 8432 which are true ac wave 2
Noticeable differences:
amount of devices that the AP 8432 can efficiently support
Speeds are improved, no latency with logins (GAFE, online assessments)
Serve more users, more efficiently
Due to expanded compatibility, we hope to extend useful lifespan of equipment

21. Achieved Improvements and Future Expectations
Major stadium renovations at two large high schools
Broadcasting and streaming through local radio stations – no delay or buffering with game media
Multimedia live streaming to Facebook

22. Instructional Advocacy
KUSD implemented Instructional Technology Teachers (ITTs)
Each building has an assigned resource (shared at Elementary)
Technology Support staff work closely with the ITTS and instructional coaches to provide dual support
Overall goal of providing consistent support and advice among all locations
Differences emerged in regards to available resources and staff knowledge

23. Online Assessments MAPS ACCESS for ELLs 2.0 Wisconsin Forward
ACT Aspire
Compass Learning
Dynamic Learning MAPS
IOWA
***** recommendation for assessments is 25 devices per AP

24. Testing Recommendations
Under 25 devices per AP preferred
Between 25 to 50 devices, monitor performance
Over 50 devices, try to decrease the number of devices
Try to have the AP in the same room as the testing devices
Avoid overlapping channels
Monitor interference from rogue devices and non-testing activities (iOS updates)

25. Wireless Challenges
Ensuring consistent AP firmware (any mismatch can give you issues)
Client radius authentication- update certificate- MAC issues
iPad app deployment and iOS/OS upgrades can slow down other devices connecting to the AP (5,500+iPads and 8,300+ Chromebooks)
2.4 Ghz radios on devices, can add latency for connection
Oversaturation of APs- recommendation is to turn off other devices connecting to the AP that are not pulling data

26. Planning at Buildings Designating Instructional Classrooms
Accurate device count
Distinguishing between classroom designated devices and mobile devices (COW)
Available classroom network classroom jack (and placement)
Available port in corresponding switch in data closet
Available power on PoE switch (new switches supply more power)

27. ***Placement of Access points ***
Technical Concerns
***Placement of Access points ***
Make sure placement does not interfere with signal of existing access points (7502 does not work off of Smart RF, use ACS)
Modify radio if needed (lower the power on the radio(s) to ensure connectivity in the room)- roaming issue
Only broadcast SSID on 5 Ghz radio
not an option for legacy devices
Only apply student SSID to the classroom access points

28. Wireless SSID Design All on separate vlans Staff/Administrative
Student (hidden)
Guest
All on separate vlans

29. Providing wireless for more than just laptops
Clocks
VOIP Phones
Cameras (which now needs UPOE)
Cash registers

30. Current Monitoring Expectations
Use VX 9000 for monitoring
Able to see statistical, live information
Provides data on which AP the device is connected to, authentication of device, MAC address, radio used, etc.
Have used ADSP (Air Defense Service Platform) - monitoring platform for rogues
Nsight- currently piloting (ability to view historical data, heat maps, coverage issues, rogues, etc.)

33. Google Summit
Worked with our wireless partner to provide design for support of over 700 consecutive wireless devices
Added 9 access points to the auditorium with directional antennas for coverage
Reset power on the AP to support clients in specific seating sections
Set up VLAN pooling to provide DHCP for 1000 clients
End result: live data streaming question and answer

36. Use of Quality Data
DATA

37. KUSD Total Enrollment Trend
Projection

38. Number of Births (Kenosha, Pleasant Prairie, Somers) and KUSD Kindergarten Enrollment (5 Years Later)
Average 84% community enrollment of resident Kindergarten students.
Projection

39. Millennial Generation Impact
The Millennial generation is now the largest living generation
Last Millennial turned 18 in 2014
Not in a rush to get married or have children (money and security)
Marital Status
Millennials
Gen Xers
Baby Boomers
Single/Never Married
59%
16%
10%
Married
27%
62%
65%
GALLUP DAILY TRACKING (2015)

40. 10 Year Trend (Grades K-5) Projection Effects of Declining Birth Rate
Trending clearly shows the impact of the declining birth rate

41. 10 Year Trend (Grades 6-8) Projection
Rolling cohort moving through the middle school grade levels.

42. 6 Year Trend (Grades 9-12)
Projection

43. KUSD Cohort Average (K-12)
Projection

45. Average Class Sizes
Class averages at secondary are based on academic courses.

46. Experience of KUSD Staff
DRAFT VERSION
5/10/2018
Experience of KUSD Staff
2015
2016
More than 15 years
680
32%
759
36%
10-15 years
523
25%
417
20%
5-10 years
365
17%
298
14%
3 – 5 years
251
12%
187 9%
1-3 years
144 7%
235
11%
6-12 months 96 5% 29 1%
Less than 6 months 25
139
Majority of staff (56%) have more than 10 years
of experience.
Follows the experience break points of other staff surveys.

47. Refreshing Technology
Since we are not removing old equipment in large amounts, wireless needs to be able to support every usable device type
Should combine good Leadership with Engineering
KUSD currently averages about $50/per pupil each year for instructional technology refresh and upgrades

48. Technology Refresh Historical Impact
Year
Projected Non-Charter Enrollment
PP Amount
Total Allocation
$ Change From Prior Year
% Change From Prior Year
20,719 $
$ 1,035,950.00
20,858
$ 1,042,900.00
$ ,950.00
0.67%
20,860 $
$ 1,011,710.00
$ (31,190.00)
-2.99%
19,816 $
$ 1,010,616.00
$ (1,094.00)
-0.11%
19,601
$ ,651.00
$ (10,965.00)
-1.08%
19,034
$ ,700.00
$ (47,951.00)
-4.80%
Crucial to monitor as it has been easy for schools to not just refresh older technology, but to allow for new device allocation.

49. 4 Year Change ( )

50. Education Superhighway Challenge
Now endorsed by 42 state governors 
K-12 bandwidth demand is growing at an annual rate of 50%
23% of school districts do not have adequate bandwidth
Movement to provide quality access:
Median cost per Mbps, $11.73 in 2015, now down to $7.00
The typical district will need to triple its bandwidth over 3 years ( )

51. CoSN’s Annual Infrastructure Survey Findings (Nov. 2016)
57% of districts said that cost was the main obstacle. Up from 46% in 2015
68% of school sytems fully meet the minimum FCC goal (100 Mbps/1000 students). Improvement from 19% in 2013.
38% of school systems are still using old/outdated wireless standards ( a/b/g/n). Improvement from 58% in 2015.
19% of districts had at least 3 days of unplanned Internet downtime. 31% for rural areas.

52. References