1. Roosevelt and Latin America
Showing America’s Might!

2. The Debate
What do we do with the new territory we claimed after the Spanish-American War?

4. The Debate
What do we do with the new territory we claimed after the Spanish-American War?
To restore order in Cuba and Puerto Rico after the war, President McKinley set up military governments on each island.
What did those governments look like?

5. Cuba 1901- Wood oversaw the drafting of a new Cuban constitution
America fearful of other countries’ interest in Cuba  Platt Amendment
Part of Cuba’s constitution
1. Cuba could not sign treaties with other countries
2. U.S. right to intervene in Cuban affairs
3. Cuba must sell or lease land to U.S. for naval bases
4. U.S. Naval base at Guantanamo Bay
Made Cuba a protectorate (a country under the control and protection of another country)

6. Puerto Rico Governed Puerto Rico as a territory, not protectorate
Foraker Act
U.S. would appoint Puerto Rico’s governor and the upper house of its legislature.
Puerto Ricans voters would elect its lower house
1917- Puerto Ricans given U.S. citizenship
1952- Puerto Rico a self-governing commonwealth of the U.S.
Today, U.S. still controls trade, immigration, and military affairs

7. Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy
“Speak softly and carry a big stick; you will go far”
West African Proverb
‘Speak softly’ was peaceful, diplomacy
‘Big stick’ policy was naval power
Have the military to back up diplomacy, if needed
Great White Fleet
Used this to control the Latin American region

10. Roosevelt’s Foreign Policy
Roosevelt Corollary
An addition to the Monroe Doctrine
America can intervene in international affairs of Latin American nations
America begins to enforce this with military strength
“Chronic wrongdoing…in the Western Hemisphere…may force the United States, however reluctantly… to the exercise of a international police power”

11. The Panama Canal
Roosevelt wanted a passage between the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans without sailing around South America
Colombia owned the territory where the U.S. planned to build the canal (the isthmus of Panama)
1903- Treaty drafted, but Colombian senate would not ratify
Revolution in Panama
Roosevelt supported Panamanian revolution
Panama declared independence, with American recognition
Signed a treaty with Panama to acquire territory

12. The Panama Canal 10 mile wide canal zone
Began construction in 1904, finished in 1914
Obstacles
Yellow Fever
Malaria
Labor shortage- brought in workers from the British West Indies
Panama Canal

13. Taft and Wilson’s Diplomacy
After Roosevelt, Taft and Wilson began to reshape American diplomacy
Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy
Deepen influence in Latin America
Policy of promoting American economic interests in other countries and using that economic power to achieve American policy goals
America buy out European loans
Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy
Use of persuasion and American ideals to advance the nation’s interests abroad.