1. KNEE:

2. BONES OF THE KNEE: Femur: proximal Tibia: distal & medial
Fibula: distal & lateral
Patella: anterior

3. LIGAMENTS OF THE KNEE: ACL: Anterior Cruciate Ligament
PCL: Posterior Cruciate Ligament
MCL: Medial Collateral Ligament
LCL: Lateral Collateral Ligament

4. Anterior Cruciate Ligament:
ACL prevents anterior movement of the tibia or posterior movement of the femur.

5. Posterior Cruciate Ligament:
PCL: prevents posterior movement of the tibia or anterior movement of the femur.
Also known as dashboard knee

6. Medial Collateral Ligament:
MCL: prevents VALGUS stress on the knee or an inward bending of the knee

7. Lateral Collateral Ligament:
LCL prevents VARUS stress on the knee or an outward bending of the knee.

8. MENISCUS: Each knee contains 2 meniscus...one medial and one lateral.
Meniscus are padding between the femur and the tibia.
the lateral meniscus is “O: shaped
the medial meniscus is “C” shaped

9. PATELLAR TENDON:
The patellar tendon is a tendon that connects the quadriceps muscle over the patella and attaches to the tibial tuberosity on the anterior side of the tibia.

10. BURSA: THERE ARE 6 BURSA IN THE KNEE 4 AROUND THE PATELLA
ONE ON THE MEDIAL SIDE OF THE KNEE
ONE ON THE POSTERIOR SIDE OF THE KNEE

11. MOVEMENTS OF THE KNEE:
FLEXION
EXTENSION

12. INJURIES TO THE KNEE: SPRAINS STRAINS MENISCUS TEAR
PATELLAR TENDONITIS
BURSITIS
FRACTURE
DISLOCATION

13. SPRAIN: A SPRAIN IS AN INJURY TO A LIGAMENT
A KNEE SPRAIN CAN OCCUR TO ANY OF THE 4 KNEE LIGAMENTS
ACL SPRAIN/TEAR IS THE MOST SEVERE KNEE LIGAMENT INJURY AND CAN LEAD TO SURGERY AND TAKE UP TO 9 MONTHS TO RECOVER

14. STRAIN: A STRAIN IS AN INJURY TO A MUSCLE OR TENDON
KNEE STRAINS CAN OCCUR TO THE QUADRICEPS, HAMSTRINGS, GASTROCNEMIUS(CA LF MUSCLE), OR ADDUCTORS(GROIN).

15. MENISCUS TEAR: YOU CAN TEAR ONE OR BOTH OF THE MENISCUS IN THE KNEE
MENISCUS TEARS CAN LEAD TO SURGERY

16. PATELLAR TENDONITIS:
PATELLAR TENDONITIS IS THE INFLAMMATION AND/OR SORENESS OF THE PATELLAR TENDON

17. BURSITIS:
BURSITIS IS THE INFLAMMATIO N OR SORENESS OF ONE OR MORE BURSA
IT CAN HAPPEN TO ANY ONE OF THE 6 BURSA IN THE KNEE

18. FRACTURE:
A FRACTURE CAN OCCUR TO ANY ONE OF THE 4 BONES MAKING UP THE KNEE
THE FEMUR BEING MOST UNLIKELY SINCE IT IS THE STRONGEST BONE OF THE BODY
THE FIBULA CAN BECOME FRACTURED AND NOT KNOWN DUE THE FACT THAT THE FIBULA IS NON WEIGHT BEARING

19. DISLOCATION:
A KNEE DISLOCATION CAN OCCUR TO THE PATELLA AND THE TIBIA/FIBULA AND FEMUR
THE MOST COMMON KNEE DISLOCATION IS THE PATELLA, WHICH USUALLY OCCURS LATERALLY