1. CPHST Support: Bringing Pests, Surveys, Plants, and Science Together
Melinda Sullivan Lisa Jackson
Daniel Mackesy Talitha Molet

2. Gap Analysis

3. Purpose
Who has been looking for a given pests vs. who should be looking for a given pest based on risk?
To determine if high-risk states chose to survey for target pests based on the information CPHST provided.

4. Pest Selection
Each pest had to have been on the AHP prioritized pest list for at least five years
Had opportunity to survey for pest over several years
One to two-year lag often between adding a new pest and surveys occurring.
Have good survey and identification methods (based on the specific pest group)

5. Who Is Looking for a Pest?
Who indicated they were looking for the pest? Who entered data into NAPIS or mentioned in their annual progress report?
NAPIS
Survey Summary Forms
Work plans/Accomplishment Reports
Proposed Farm Bill Surveys (those actually funded projects had not been announced yet)
Direct communication with states for clarification

6. Who Should be Looking for a Pest?
Host Presence:
National Agricultural Statistics Survey (NASS) for host data by state
Census of Agriculture for Horticultural Commodities
Census of Agriculture for Puerto Rico and Hawaii

7. Hosts Continued Two ways to look at this?
Total Host Acreage (all hosts combined)
Miss smaller specialty crops (more value on per acre basis)
Amount of acreage for any one host per commodity
States with multiple hosts could be at increased risk
Different pathways for different hosts

8. Hosts Continued
We included two lists in our analysis for pests with multiple primary hosts?
List of states based on the number of times that a state ranked in the top 10 for each major host
Rank of state based on total host acreage for major/ primary hosts

9. Who Should be Looking for a Pest?
Climate/ Pathway:
Pest Datasheets for climate/ pathway information
NAPPFAST maps (where appropriate)
Pathway was very broad and wasn’t used for most of the analyses

10. Completed Insect Gap Analyses
Helicoverpa armigera (old world bollworm)
Thaumatotibia leucotreta (false codling moth)
Thaumetopoea processionea (oak processionary moth)
Tomicus destruens (no common name, a pine shoot beetle)
Tuta absoluta (Tomato leafminer)

11. Completed Pathogen Gap Analyses
Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense (Australian grapevine yellows)
Harpophora maydis (late wilt of corn)
Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 (bacterial wilt, Southern wilt)

12. General Observations
Most states are doing a good job for surveying for high-risk pests in their states.
Corn producing states are not looking for pests of corn.
There are virtually no surveys happening in potato (this is an industry issue)
Exception: The potato cyst nematodes

13. General Observations
Large states like CA and FL are at risk for many pests based on host presence and climate.
CPHST CAPS support need to improve risk maps (formerly NAPPFAST) (Lisa K. will talk about later).
It seems to take a while before states begin surveying for new pest additions (lag) (Example: Thaumetopoea processionea – 3 to 4 years is common).

14. General Observations
CPHST noticed that there are additional important hosts that are not covered by the CAPS commodity manuals.
CPHST should improve the commodity matrix to reflect/ highlight these other important hosts.
Include All priority pests (AHP and commodity). Previously just AHP.
Split tree/ shrubs groups into individual species.

15. Apium graveolens (Celery) Arachis spp. (Peanut)
Rank
Scientific Name
Common Name
Allium spp. (Onion)
Apium graveolens (Celery)
Arachis spp. (Peanut)
Asparagus spp. (Asparagus)
Avena spp. (Oats)
Brassica spp.
Citrus spp. (Citrus)
Cucumis spp. (Cantaloupe)
Cucumis spp. (Cucumber)
Daucus carota (Carrot)
Fragaria spp. (Strawberry)
Glycine spp. (Soybean)
Gossypium spp. (Cotton)
Helianthus spp. (Sunflower)
Hordeum spp. (Barley)
Lactuca spp. (Lettuce)
Malus spp. (Apple)
Oryza spp. (Rice)
Phaseolus spp. (Beans)
Prunus dulcis (Almond)
Prunus persica (Peach)
Pyrus spp. (Pear)
Solanum lycopersicum (Tomato)
Solanum tuberosum (Potato)
Sorghum spp. (Sorghum)
Triticum spp. (Wheat)
Vitis spp. (Grape)
Zea spp. (Corn)
Pinus spp. (Pine)
Other Softwood Trees*
Soft Hardwood Trees*
Hardwood Trees*
Pest Commodity Total 1
Agrilus biguttatus
Oak Splendor Beetle ■ ▲ 2
Platypus quercivorus
Oak Ambrosia Beetle
Cronartium flaccidum
Scots Pine Blister Rust 3
Helicoverpa armigera
Old World Bollworm 27 4
Tremex fuscicornis
Tremex Wood Wasp 5
Thaumetopoea processionea
Oak Processionary Moth 6
Tomicus destruens
Pine Shoot Beetle 7
Dendrolimus sibiricus
Siberian Silk Moth 8
Spodoptera litura
Cotton Cutworm 28

16. Steps Forward
We are running a few additional pests through a gap analysis to see if trends/ patterns continue
We will report overall findings to PDMT
They will decide how to progress at that time.
Expanded matrix completed for 2016 guidelines.
Address risk map issues (Lisa Kennaway’s group).

17. Example Completed Analysis
Helicoverpa armigera

18. Questions