1. The visual elements of art include:
1. Line
2. Shape and Mass
3. Light
4. Color
5. Texture and Pattern
6. Space
7. Time and Motion

2. Key Terms for this chapter include:
Line: contour, outline
Shape and Mass: geometric/organic shapes,
figure/ground, positive/negative shapes
Light: value, modeling, chiaroscuro, stippling, hatching, cross-hatching
Color: reflected/refracted light, hue, value, intensity, tint, shade, monochromatic, complementary, analogous, triadic, simultaneous contrast, afterimage, pointillism
Texture and Pattern: actual/visual texture
Space: picture plane, perspective (linear, 1-point, 2-point, atmosphere, isometric), foreshortening
Time and Motion: kinetic art

3. The Visual Elements
The visual elements help us analyze our visual experiences. These 7 terms are also used as the fundamental language for the discussion about works of art.

4. LINE: Contour and Outline
Line is defined as the path of moving point.
Outline: Defines a 2-dimensional shape.
Contour lines: Record boundaries and define more specifically what shapes represent.
Discussion Question:
How do you use line each and every day in your life?

5. Jennifer Pastor. Sequence 6 from Flow Chart for “The Perfect Ride” Animation, 2000, pencil on paper, 13 ½” X 17”

6. Keith Haring, Untitled, 1982. Vinyl painting on vinyl tarpaulin, 72” X 72”
Sarah Sze, Hidden Relief, 2001, mixed media, dimensions variable.

7. Elizabeth Murray, the Sun and the Moon, 2005, oil on canvas on wood, 9’9” X 8’11 ½” X 2”

8. LINE: Direction and Movement
Artists use line to direct and move our eyes around a work of art.
Vertical lines seem assertive, or denote growth & strength.
Horizontal lines appear calm.
Diagonal lines are the most dramatic and imply action.

9. Thomas Eakins, The Biglin Brothers Racing, 1873 –74, oil on canvas, 24 1/8” X 36 1/8”

10. Linear analysis of The Biglin Brothers Racing.

11. Henri Cartier-Bresson, Aquila, Abruzzi, Italy, 1951. Photograph.

12. LINE: Implied Lines
Dotted lines and directional cues such as a finger pointing in a specific direction creating a line of sight are examples of implied lines in action.
Discussion Topic:
Have students note physical examples of implied line after they leave the classroom and during the next class share their experiences of where and how these implied lines guided their visual experience.

13. Jean-Antoine Watteau, The Embarkation for Cythera, 1718 –19, 50 13/16” X 76 3/8”

14. Linear analysis of The Embarkation for Cythera.

16. Vocabulary:
Descriptive lines appear in artworks as outlines, contour lines and as hatching.
Outlines describe the outer edges of shapes that appear flat.
Contour lines describe the edges of forms and shapes within forms. Contour drawings make figures and objects appear three-dimensional.
Implied lines occur where textures, colors, and values change at edges of shapes in artworks.
Implied lines also occur as a result of the perceptual tendency called closure and as a result of the tendency to follow a figure’s line of sight.
Hatching is the technique of using closely spaced parallel lines to suggest light and shadow.
Crosshatching is the techniques of using crossed parallel lines to suggest light and shadow.