1. ASTRONOMY

2. Scientific study of stars, planets and other things in space.
What is Astronomy??
Scientific study of stars, planets and other things in space.

3. Three main theories of the origin of the universe.
Big Bang theory
Steady State theory
Creation theory

4. The universe has always been as it is today
Steady State Theory
The universe has always been as it is today
New matter is always being produced
The universe is continuously contracting and expanding.

5. Big Bang Theory
Billions of years ago the universe was packed in a small space-Primeval Atom
It explodes and threw matter in all directions
The explosion caused the formation of the galaxies.

6. God created the Heavens and the Earth. Adam and Eve Religion
Creation Theory
God created the Heavens and the Earth.
Adam and Eve
Religion

7. The universe is made up of millions of Galaxies.
A galaxy is a swarm of billions of stars, clouds and dust rotating around a central point.

8. Our galaxy is called the Milky Way
Our WHOLE solar system is located right about here X

9. Cycles of the Sky Seasons Moon movement Eclipses Moons effect on Earth
Stars life cycle

10. Rotation vs Revolution
Rotation- spinning of an object: Night and day
Revolution- movement of one object around another object

11. EARTH

12. The Earth is tilted on it’s axis 23.5 degrees.
This is why we have seasons.

13. Astronomical Instruments

14. Telescopes Gather light and focus it into images 2 Types:
Refracting- uses a lens to gather light
Reflecting- uses a mirror to gather light

15. Photometer
Light meter to measure brightness

16. Charge-Coupled Device (CCD)
Computer chip that contains millions of light detectors
Can detect bright (high energy) and faint (lower energy) at the same time
Can be converted to numerical data to be analyzed.

17. Spectrographs Spreads white light according to wavelengths
Most of the other wavelengths don’t make it to Earth’s surface.

18. Moon Facts Distance from Earth: 250,000 miles
Circumference: 7,000 miles
Diameter: 2,000 miles
** The moon is about a ¼ of the size of Earth.
Gravitational Pull: 1/6 that of the Earth. Ex) If you weight 100 pounds on the Earth, you would weigh about pounds on the moon!

19. The Background Info. The Moon is the Earths only natural satellite.
Lunar- From the moon.
1609, Galileo was the 1st person to fully examine the moon through a telescope.

20. Effects of only a little gravity on the moon:
No water
No atmosphere
No air
Effects of no air:
No sound
No wind to carry warmth to cold areas
Topography:
Craters, mountains, smooth plains, valleys

21. Bright side is 200-300 degrees!
Temperature on the Moon
Dark side is –270 degrees! Below Zero!
Bright side is degrees!

22. Due to the extreme conditions on the moon astronauts must were a suit like this.

23. Phases of the Moon

24. Rotation: 27 1/3 days Revolution: 27 1/3 days
-We only see one side of the since the rotation and revolution are the same.
-Astronauts had to orbit the moon to see the other side.

25. Half of the Moon is ALWAYS lit-up
Sunlight

26. The Moon appears to have phases because it is revolving around us.
Quarter/Half Moon
New Moon
Full Moon
(sunlight)
Quarter/Half Moon

28. ECLIPSES

29. This is how we knew the Earth was round!
LUNAR ECLIPSE
When the Earth gets between the Sun and the Moon. The Earth casts a shadow on the Moon.
This is how we knew the Earth was round!

30. Lunar Eclipse

31. SOLAR ECLIPSE
When the Moon gets between the Sun and Earth. The Moon casts a small shadow on the Earth.

32. SOLAR ECLIPSE

33. LUNAR ECLIPSE

35. This is a picture of the Earth from the moon.
Cool Pictures of the Moon
This is a picture of the Earth from the moon.

36. This shows the craters and the smooth areas on the moon.

37. This shows the surface of the moon
Little Astronaut

38. And away we go!

39. Constellation Model
Constellation- a group of stars that forms a recognizable pattern; help identify points in space
Started as ancient made up models.
Invented by farmers to know when to plant crops.
1929 official constellations adopted including all stars in only one constellation.

40. The Zodiac- Find January move counterclockwise
Gemini (January 1st)
Cancer
Leo
Virgo
Libria
Scorpius
Sagittarius
Capricorn
Aquarius
Pisces
Aries
Taurus