1. Aim: How do scientists use biotechnology to manipulate genomes?

2. What is a Gene?
A gene is a sequence of DNA on a chromosome that codes for ________ protein.
one
**NOTE: not all of the DNA codes for proteins. The parts that do are called genes, the parts that don’t are called non-coding regions.

3. What is a genome? Complete set of an organism’s genetic material.
The Chromosomes, DNA, & the Genes which are all found in the Nucleus.

4. A rough draft was complete in 2000.
Human Genome Project:
In 1990, advances in DNA technology enabled scientists to completely sequence the human genome.
A rough draft was complete in 2000.

5. Human Genome Project
Karyotype
Scientists studied and mapped the human genome (determined the entire nucleotide sequence of DNA).

6. Steps of the Human Genome Project:
Sequence the DNA (order of the bases).
2) Regions of DNA that code for proteins (genes) must be distinguished from non-coding regions.
3) The functions of the resulting proteins must be determined.
4) Develop a map of the human genome.

7. Why is this so important?
Comparing human sequences with those from other species provide insight into evolutionary relationships.
Identifying genes will aid in diagnosing, treating,& preventing common ailments.

8. The use of organisms to perform practical tasks for humans.
What is biotechnology?
The use of organisms to perform practical tasks for humans.
What is DNA technology?
The branch of biotechnology where scientists actually manipulate (alter) the genomes of organisms at the molecular level.

9. Why would altering DNA affect our characteristics/traits?
DNA codes for the proteins that determine our traits.

10. What are some examples of DNA Technology?
DNA Fingerprinting
Cloning
Gene therapy
Recombinant
DNA
GMO