1. War of 1812 “(James) Mr. Madison’s War”

2. The Drift to War “War Hawks” Young men from the South and the West.
Demanded war against Britain to acquire Canada and against Spain, to acquire Florida.
John C. Calhoun of South Carolina.
Henry Clay of Kentucky.

3. Territorial expansion v. maritime rights?
Causes of the War of 1812
1. Freedom of the seas.
2. American resentment of Britain.
3. American belief that the Brits in Canada were arming and encouraging the Indians.
4. American ambition to annex Canada and Florida.
Territorial expansion v. maritime rights?

4. US GOALS (chart) Take Indian Lands Stop British search and seizure
Tecumseh and Prophet
Stop British search and seizure
Stop Impressment
Opposed Orders in Council

5. US Unprepared Economic Issues Due to Embargo/Non-Intercourse Acts
Financial Panic 1811 (BUS dissolved)
Inadequate Army
No nat’l desire for war

6. Navy Comparison US Better sailors and privateers Britain More Ships
16 Frigates
(44 Guns)
296 Frigates
291 Ships of the Line
800 Men of War

7. Advantages US Disadvantages More Sailors Lost Many Ships
Better Marksmen
Diverted men from the Army to the Navy
Desire to Avenge the Cheas. Incident
Privateers
Privateers 550 ships
Able to bring in wealth from pirating
Boosted Morale
Slowed Canadians
Affected British Manufactures

8. US OFFENSIVES Major Battles 3 PRONG ATTACK
Detroit
Lake Erie
Thames River
Bladensburg
Fort McHenry
New Orleans

9. US Offensives
3 pronged attack in the North
Detroit
Niagara
Lake Champlain
Makes the Canadians Mad SO. . .
Canadians Attack.
US Gen. Perry stops the Canadians with a fleet in the Great Lakes Battle of Lake Erie.
Perry and Gen. Harrison (Tippecanoe) take the offensive and push the Can. Back to the Thames River. Battle of Thames River

10. Napoleon is defeated at Waterloo so
Napoleon is defeated at Waterloo so Britain can focus on helping the Canadians.
Brit Offensives
Canadian Strike Force
1. Can Attack Lake Champlain. AM. Macdonough holds off the British.
Results
1. Br forces retreat North
2. Am victory stops full scale invasion.

11. Canadian Strike Force
#2 – Britain plans to attack Chesapeake Bay area and then capture the capitol.
Pres. Madison forced to flee when cap. and surrounding buildings burned. Dolly saves historical docs. Am forces arrive and push the BR back.
Privateers keep BR Navy occupied:
Ft. Mc Henry
Baltimore
Star Spangled Banner – Francis Scott Key

12. Strike Force Cont’d
#3 Br tries to take the Miss (to hurt US economy). Br targets New Orleans, LA.
Jackson is called to New Orl (from Indian battles in AL)
Battle of New Orleans: BR stage a frontal attack. Jackson’s troops pick them off one at a time. In 30 minutes BR loses 2000 men Am loses 70.
Battle was useless Treaty signed 2 week earlier!

13. Treaty of Ghent – 12-24-1814 Reestablished prewar boundaries.
Status Quo
Lots of blood shed for no reason.
No mention of original grievances.

14. Results of the War of 1812 (Flip to back to take notes) (Domestic)
Growth of American Nationalism.
Star-Spangled Banner.
Strengthening of isolationism.
Increase in westward migration.
Indians forced further West.
Encouragement of American Industry.
Disappearance of the Federalist Party.
WAR HEROS: WM Harrison and A. Jackson

15. Results of the War of 1812 (International)
US informally gains rights on the high seas
Republic stood up for itself
US troops gained respect
AM diplomats treated with respect.