1. Chapter 2 Matter and Change . 2.4 Chemical Reactions
2.1 Properties of Matter
2.2 Mixtures
2.3 Elements and Compounds
2.4 Chemical Reactions
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2. State of Matter Depends on: Kinetic Energy – movement of particles
States of Matter
State of Matter Depends on:
Kinetic Energy – movement of particles
(temperature)
Intermolecular Forces – forces between
molecules
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3. Solids Definite shape and volume.
States of Matter
Solids
Definite shape and volume.
Shape does NOT depend on shape of container.
Particles packed
tightly together.
Almost incompressible.
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4. Liquids Particles close together, but NOT rigid or orderly.
States of Matter
Liquids
Particles close together, but NOT rigid or orderly.
Indefinite shape because
particles are free to flow.
Volume is fixed.
Almost incompressible.
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5. Takes shape and volume of container. Particles are far apart.
States of Matter
Gases
Takes shape and volume of container.
Particles are far apart.
Easily compressed.
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6. Physical Change Chemical Change
Causes properties of a material to change, but the composition of the material does not. Breaking
Change that causes one material to change into a different material. Burning
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7. Mass of reactants = Mass of Products
Chemical Changes
A chemical change is also called a chemical reaction.
4Fe + 3O2  2Fe2O3
Reactants  Products
Mass of reactants = Mass of Products
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8. Signs of a Chemical Change Transfer of energy Color change
Recognizing Chemical Changes
Signs of a Chemical Change
Transfer of energy
Color change
Production of a gas
Formation of a precipitate.
Only way to know for sure is to test composition before & after!!!
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9. Transfer of energy

10. Color Change
Color Change
When a test strip is dipped in a solution, the color change is used to determine the pH of the solution.

11. Production of a Gas
Production of a Gas Bubbles of carbon dioxide form when two antacid tablets are dropped into a glass of water.

12. Precipitate Formation
In the production of cheese, a reaction causes milk to separate into solid curds and liquid whey

13. Physical Change Chemical Change
Change that causes the properties of a material to change, but the composition of the material does not.
Examples:
Cutting
Melting
Freezing
Change that causes one material to change into a different material. Examples: Burning Rotting Reacting
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14. Describing Matter
Chemical Property – characteristic that can only be observed when we attempt to change the identity of a material
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15. Physical or Chemical Property?
Blue Color Density Flammability Melting Point Reacts with acid to form Hydrogen Burns Boiling Point Hardness Luster (shininess)

16. Physical or Chemical Property?
Blue Color - physical Density - physical Flammability - chemical Melting Point - physical Reacts with acid to form Hydrogen - chemical Burns - chemical Boiling Point - physical Hardness - physical Luster (shininess) - physical

17. END OF 2.4
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