1. Japan’s Warning Dissemination Systems
Takayuki MATSUMURA
Japan Meteorological Agency
WMO/CBS Technical Conference 2016
Guangzhou, China
21-22 November 2016

2. Introduction
Warning and forecast issued by NMHS should satisfy two conflicting demands; 1. simple and fast notice to the public for a prompt action and 2. customized and detailed information to each party concerned for an appropriate decision. Push and Pull strategy for information delivery is a solution to meet such complicated requirements.
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

3. Quick notification & Detailed Information
Heavy rain warning is issued when soil water index, which well indicates risk of landslide and/or debris flow, exceeds a certain criterion to awake people to the facing threat. At the same time, a real-time landslide risk map shows the level of soil water index in detail on a web site.
Hazard Related Information
Detailed Information
Mayor
Real-time Landslide Risk Map
Heavy Rain
Advisory
Push
Pull
Heavy Rain
Warning
Citizen
High
Sediment Disaster
Alert
Low
etc.
Rain fall → Soil Water Index
Criterion of issue
Rain & Soil Water
Tank Model
Simulation
Visualization
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

4. Weather Information Delivery
Data Broadcasting
Multimedia Broadcasting
Broadcast Station
TV / Radio
Community
Radio Station
Loudspeaker Facility
Local Government
ＦＡＸ
Web
Site
NMHS
Emergency
Response
Authority
Push
Pull
PC/Tablet
Private Weather Company
Cell
Broadcast
Message
Cell Phone/
Smart Phone
Cell Phone Carrier
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

5. Cell Broadcast Service to disseminate Emergency Warning
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

6. Cell Broadcast Service (CBS)
NMHS
(Warning Notification Provider) !
Broadcast !
Cell Phone Carrier ! !
Information is delivered to anyone in the designated area at once.
Designated Cell
Neither the warning notification provider nor the carrier is necessary to manage addresses to send.
Anyone can receive the message without registration nor additional charge.
The cost is included in basic charge.
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

7. Emergency Warning Overview
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

8. Delivery of Emergency Warning via CBS
DEC, 2007
FEB, 2012
NOV, 2015
Earthquake
Early Warning
Tsunami Warning
Emergency Warning against Hazardous Weather
earthquake ground motion
Tsunami
Heavy rain
Storm surge
High waves
Storm
Heavy snow
Snow-storm
Emergency Warning against Volcanic Eruption
Eruption
Sample Text
(in Japanese)
Delivery of
Emergency Warning
特別警報発表
○○県に特別警報
（大雨）
最大級の警戒をして
ください。
新たに対象になった
地域があります。
テレビ、ラジオ及び
自治体等の情報をご
確認ください。
・・・
Emergency Warning
Emergency Warnings are issued to alert people to the significant likelihood of catastrophes in association with natural phenomena of extraordinary magnitude observed only once every few decades.
For
Designated
Areas
JMA
Cellphone
Carrier
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

9. Contents Delivery Network to provide substantial web service
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

10. Contents Delivery Network (CDN)
without CDN
NMHS
(Web Contents Provider)
Too many accesses coincide with each other
Confliction occurs
Reply delayed
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

11. Contents Delivery Network (CDN)
with CDN
Edge Server
(Web Caching Server)
NMHS
(Web Contents Provider)
Smart Access
No confliction happen
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

12. Daily Page View of JMA’s Web Site
Considerable amount of access to the web site rises when significant event strikes Japan. 70
Neoguri
T1408
Phanfone
T1418 60
VongfongT1419
Mindulle
T1609
Nangka
T1511 50
Goni
T1515
Kumamoto
Earthquake
Lionrock
T1610
Noul
T1506 40
Etau
T1518
Million / Day
Developing Low 30 20 10
2014/
2015/
2016/
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

13. Summary
To meet conflicting requirements in Japan, various approaches are adopted, including [Push] Cell Broadcast Service to disseminate Emergency Warning and [Pull] Contents Delivery Network to provide substantial web service. Advancements in information technology enable NMHS’s to deliver necessary information directory to each party concerned with reasonable expenses.
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016

14. Thank you for your attention. JMA’s mascot “HARE-RUN”
ありがとうございました
JMA’s mascot “HARE-RUN”
WMO/CBS TECO Guangzhou, China, NOV 2016