1. Sustainable Future – Trends and Reality
Pre-Engineering STEM Meeting
Los Angeles Unified School District
Cherif Youssef
Technology Development Manager
October 13, 2008

2. State Energy Utilities
SMUD
PG&E
Southern California Gas
SCE
LADWP
San Diego Gas and Electric

3. The Utility World Today
Energy Flow
Cogeneration
Tariffs EE DR
Small DG
Nuclear
Fossil
Renewables

4. The Utility World Tomorrow
LNG
Renewables
Cogeneration
Self-generation
Plug-in hybrid autos
Smart grid
Energy storage
Demand behavior
Dynamic rates
Smart appliances
Clean fuel vehicles
Zero energy homes/buildings
Smart meters

5. Japanese Vision 2030
The “Holonic Energy System (HES)” , which is a system where Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and centralized power network are seamlessly integrated into one another. The HES incorporates multiple DERs such as Combined Heat and Power (CHP), Renewable Energy (RE), energy storage methods, District Heating and Cooling (DHC) and potentially local hydrogen networks in the future. The integrated operation of DERs to exchange energy in certain areas will greatly benefit CO2 mitigation. This paper describes research activities by Tokyo Gas in the area of urban energy systems by networking DERs (i.e. Microgrid) in a manner that parallels predicted changes in city design toward more compact and intensive structures.
The HES proposes to achieve a state in which DERs and centralized power network are organically combined, encouraging simultaneous solutions for environmental preservation, energy security assurance and economic growth. A conceptual scheme of HES is shown in Fig.1, and its fundamental values are as follows;
1) Enhanced energy efficiency and CO2 mitigation by networking DERs.
2) Support the utility power grid by means of demand/supply-matching for unstable renewable energy sources, local voltage controlling etc.
3) Enhanced energy security in case of utility power outages or disaster
The Microgrid structure is a key component of HES that bundles different load patterns and works with DHC infrastructure to improve energy efficiency. It also supports the proliferation of REs such as solar, wind, biomass by utilizing CHPs and power storages as controllable sources to deal with inherent instability of REs. Moreover, it also enhances energy security by serving as a locally autonomous system in case of utility power outages or disaster.

6. What Is Changing? Customer has much greater control or options
Distributed generation
Demand management
Leverage energy information
Customer energy use or requirements are less predictable
Customer generation
PV rooftop solar
Solar-Thermal-Cooling
Demand behavior
Dynamic rates
Smart appliances
Plug-in hybrids
New Generation Portfolio
Renewables are not as reliable as traditional generation
Growing portion will be renewables

7. Reality of Energy Utilities
Strategic Planning
Integration of Utility Infrastructures and Customers Facilities
Distributed Energy Resources
Utility Infrastructure
Smart-Grid
System Automations
Sustainable Communities
Renewables
Net Zero Energy
GHG & CC&S
Alternative Fuel Vehicles
NGV
Plug-in-Hybrids

8. New Career Opportunities
Integration of Information Management and Physical Operations of Utility Infrastructures
Integration of Utility Generation and Customer’s On-Site Generation
Development of :
Alternative Fuel Vehicles
Renewables & Energy Storage
Smart Appliances

9. New Curriculum Requirements-STEM
Science
Environmental Science
Criteria Pollutants Emissions Reduction
Green House Reduction
Carbon Capture & Sequestration
Technology
Energy Conservation & Demand Reduction
Renewable Energy & Energy Storage
Energy Integration (DER)
Engineering
Chemical Engineering
Alternative Fuels
System Integration & Automation
Mathematics
Analytical Skills
Risk Assessments