1. Genres of Croatian Folk Music
Sonee Goles

2. Ganga
Lone singer for one line then other singers come in with what is described as a wail
Passionate, limited in popularity to small towns
Rare on Croatian airwaves
Popular musicians work “ganga” into their music
Wailing, slight pitch bending, micro tonal vocal style
Recently begun to address political issues with nationalistic overtones and themes from Croatian Homeland War
Both women and men perform this, but usually not together
Catholic and Muslim men perform together

4. Klapa A cappella, 1st appeared in Croatia during mid 19th century
Word from Italian slang in Trieste (city in North East Italy between Adriatic strip and Slovenia’s border) meaning “group of people”
Roots in liturgical church singing
Love, wine (grapes), country (homeland), and sea = motifs
Elements = harmony and melody, rhythm usually not important
1st tenor, 2cnd tenor, baritone, bass
Could double all but 1st tenor
Possible to add gentle guitar/mandolin
Young people in Dalmatia (1 of 4 historical regions of Croatia) treasure and sing klapa when going out eating and drinking
Fuse Klapa with other styles

5. (Start at 3:20)

6. Tambura
Folk music involving tambura and other related string instruments
Popular in 1800’s with small bands mirroring Russia, Italy, and the Ukraine
Theme of love and happy village life
Associated with northern former Pannonian (ancient province of Roman Empire)part of country
Played in U.S. latter half of 20th century
No pop influence from Yugoslavia (now Croatia)
Now common form of Tambura music= folk-pop combo

8. Gusle Gusle = instrument
Rooted in epic poetry (emphasis on historical or patriotic events)
Traditional instrument of inland Dalmatia and Herzegovina and part of Bosnia and Herzegovina with predominant Croatian population
Gusle players often glorify outlaws like hajduks (term for outlaws, brigands, highwaymen, freedom fighters, in South Eastern Europe and parts of central and eastern Europe) or uskoks (pirates of the Adriatic) of old Turkish reign or exalting recent heroes of Croatian War of Independance
Classic folk poetry used often as a form (10 verse)
Mile Krajina = contemporary Gusle player
Book Razgovor ugodni navoda slovinskog becomes Croatian folk bible inspiring other gusle players)
Prolific folk poet and gusle player
Has intense fans with conservative groups

10. Diple Traditional woodwind instrument
Also called Mih, mjeh, mjesina, or just diple
Played from Istria (largest peninsula in Adriatic Sea), Lika to Dalmatia Islands and coast to Herzegovina
“Min” made of tanned goat or sheep skin and has a “dolae” or “kanuela” where air is blown through (“diple”=where it's played (chanter))
Inside “mih” or chanter there are 2 single blade reeds
Unlike bagpipes “mih” has no “trubanj” or “bodrum” (DRONE)
Although similar, “mih” from different parts of Croatia differ with type of chanter and position of holes or tiny details like ornaments